편백림 임분밀도 조절에 따른 유기물층의 산불 연료량 변화
Changes in forest fire fuel amount in a Chamaecyparis obtusa forest according to stand density control
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참고문헌
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초록
본 연구는 편백림에서 임분밀도 조절이 산불 연료량에 미치는 효과를 분석하고자 수행하였다. 본 연구의 대상지는 전북 고창군 문수산에 위치해 있으며, 대조구, 30% 간벌처리구 (light thinning, LT), 50% 간벌처리구 (heavy thinning, HT)로 이루어져 있다. 1976년에 3년생 묘목을 3,000본 ha-1 기준으로 식재하였으며, 2000년에 간벌을 실시하였다. 산불연료 생산량은 지면으로부터 1.2 m 높이의 원형 littertrap을 시험구별 3개씩 설치하여 2019년 4월부터 2020년 12월까지 2개월 간격으로 낙엽낙지량을 측정하였다. 산불연료 분해량을 알아보기 위해서 낙엽과 낙지를 5 g씩 넣은 낙엽망을 제작하여 유기물층에 묻은 후 18개월 후에 수거하여 분해상수를 구하였다. 산불연료 축적량은 정방향틀 (0.09 m2)을 이용하여 2018년 9월에 시험구별 3반복으로 채취한 유기물의 건중량을 측정하였다. 산불연료 생산량은 LT와 HT 처리구 모두 대조구보다 통계적으로 유의한 수준으로 감소하였다 (P<0.001). HT의 잎 분해 상수는 대조구보다 유의하게 낮게 나타났다 (P<0.05). LT의 산불연료 축적량은 대조구와 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았지만, HT의 산불연료 축적량은 대조구보다 유의하게 낮았다 (P<0.01). 본 연구의 결과를 종합적으로 살펴보면 산불연료량은 간벌에 의해 감소하였다. 따라서 간벌을 통한 산림관리를 통해 연소물질이 감소되면 산불의 강도가 억제되어 산불을 빨리 진압해 대형산불의 저감효과를 기대할 수 있다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to analyze the effects of stand density on fire fuel (FF) changes in a Chamaecyparis obtusa forest. The study site was located in Mt. Munsu in Jeollabuk-do and consisted of a control, 30% thinning treatment (LT), and 50% thinning treatment (HT). Three-year-old seedlings were planted at a density of 3,000 trees ha-1 in 1976, and thinning was carried out in 2000. FF production was measured every 2 months by installing 3 circular litter traps 1.2 m above the ground. Litter bags containing 5 g of each leaf and branch were made and buried in the organic layer to investigate the FF decomposition rate. The decay constant was calculated after 18 months. FF accumulation was measured by collecting dry-weight organic matter from each plot using a square frame (0.09 m2) in September 2018. The FF production in LT and HT was significantly lower than that of the control (P<0.001). The leaf decay constant for HT was significantly lower than that of the control (P<0.05). The FF accumulation in HT was significantly lower than that of the control (P<0.01), but LT was not significantly different from the control. The results of this study showed that thinning decreased FF production.
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