절대빈곤 장애가구주의 기초생활보장에 관한 연구 -2015 한국복지패널 자료를 중심으로-
A Study on the Basic Livelihood Security for Absolute Poor Disabled Householders - Focused on the 2015 Korea Welfare Panel Study Data -
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초록
본 연구는 장애인 가구주의 절대빈곤에 미치는 변인을 ‘2015 한국복지패널’ 자료를 이용하여 실증 분석하였다. 연구대상자 총 581명으로, 인구 사회학적, 경제적, 복지적 요인 등 3개 요인과 총 12개 변인에 대해 분석을 실시하였는데 전체적인 결과 ‘빈곤’이 328명(56.5%), ‘비빈곤’이 253명(43.5%)으로 장애 가구주의 절반 이상이 빈곤계층에 속하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 근무능력 정도는 근로 가능 383명(65.9%), 단순 근로 가능 81명(13.9%), 단순 근로 미약 81명(13.9%), 근로 무능력 36명(6.2%) 순으로 나타났고, 주된 경제활동 참여 상태는 비경제활동인구 284명(48.9%), 자영업 129명(22.2%), 상용직 56명(9.6%), 일용직 45명(7.7%), 임시직 42명(7.2%), 고용주 5명(0.9%), 무급가족종사자 5명(0.9%), 실업자 3명(0.5%) 순으로 나타났다. 월 가구 소득은 100만 원 미만 375명(64.5%), 100만 원 이상∼200만원 미만 82명(14.1%), 200만 원 이상∼300만 원 미만 49명(8.4%), 300만 원 이상∼400만 원 미만 27명(4.6%), 400만 원 이상 48명(8.3%)으로 나타났다. 이 같은 결과를 볼 때, 장애인 가구주의 절대 빈곤율이 복지제도의 정착과 정부의 중점적인 지원에도 불구하고 낮아지지 않고 계속 심화되고 있으며, 고령화 추세와 장기 경기침체에 따라 장애가구주의 빈곤율은 지대한 영향을 받고 있음을 알 수 있다. 그에 따른 해당계층에 대한 선별적 복지지원의 한 축은 반드시 유지되어야 하며, 동시에 사회경제적 보완지원책이 요구된다.
Abstract
This study discovers the effects of the basic livelihood security on absolute poverty of disabled householders using a survey of 581 disabled householders. The ‘2015 Korea Welfare Panel Study’ data were used for an empirical analysis of a total of 12 socio-demographic, economic and welfare variables. 328 persons of the sample (56.5%) were poor and 253 persons (43.5%) were non-poor. 383 persons (65.9%) of the sample had a high work capability, 81 persons (13.9%) had a capability of simple work, 81 persons (13.9%) failed to show a capability of simple work, and 36 persons (6.2%) had the incompetence of work. The most frequent state of participation in main economic activities was "economically inactive" (284 persons; 48.9%), followed by self-employed (129 persons; 22.2%), regular job (56 persons; 9.6%), daily job (45 persons; 7.7%) and temporary job (42 persons; 7.2%), employer (5 persons; 0.9%), unpaid family worker (5 persons; 0.9%) and the unemployed (3 persons; 0.5%). As for the monthly income of households, the options of less than 1 million won, 1 million won~2 million won, 2 million won~3 million won, 3 million won~4 million won and more than 4 million won were chosen by 375 persons (64.5%), 82 persons (14.1%), 49 persons (8.4%), 27 persons (4.6%) and 48 persons (8.3%), respectively. In light of these results, the absolute poverty rate of disabled householders continues to increase, despite the governmental support on the settlement of welfare system in Korea. The aging trend and the long-term economic downturn are the main reasons to affect further increase in the absolute poverty rate of disabled householders.
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