경사와 풍속 변화가 소나무림 내 산불행동에 미치는 영향
The Effect of the Changes in Wind Velocity and Slope on Forest Fire Behavior in Pinus densiflora Stands
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초록
본 연구에서는 단순 물리적 연소실험을 통하여 경사와 풍속 변화가 산불행동 특성 변화에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 파악하고자 하였다. 경사는 상향경사와 하향경사 조건을 모두 고려하였고, 풍속은 0m/s, 2m/s, 4m/s, 6m/s의 조건을 부여하여 실험하였다. 본 연구 결과에 의하면, 상향경사가 크고, 풍속이 빠를수록 화염의 온도가 지속적으로 증가하여 최대 1,353.3°C까지 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 확산속도의 경우에는 경사 30°, 6m/s의 풍속에서 최대 분당 15m까지 빨라지는 현상을 관찰하였다. 조건에 따른 산불화염의 강도 추정에서는 최소 78.11kW/m∼최대 5,982.23kW/m의 범위로 나타났으며, 경사가 크고, 풍속이 강해질수록 확산강도가 높아지는 패턴으로 수치의 범위가 국외에서 제시한 연구결과와 유사하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 추후 산불확산 및 강도를 정확하게 예측하는 데 유용한 정보로 활용될 것이다.
Abstract
The objective of this study is to find out what effects the changes in slope and wind velocity has on characteristic changes in fire behavior through a simple burning experiment. Both upslope and downslope were considered for slope factor and the conditions of 0m/s, 2m/s, 4m/s and 6m/s were applied for wind velocity factor. The result of this study shows that, with the higher upslope and wind velocity, the flame temperature continues to increase up to 1,353.3°C. The rate of spread was also found to be as fast as 15m/min in the condition of 30° slope and 6m/s wind velocity. The conditional fire intensity was estimated to range from 78.11 kW/m to 5,982.23 kW/m and also increased with the higher slope and wind velocity, which was similar to findings in the literature for other countries. The result of this study will help to predict accurately the spread and intensity of forest fire.
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