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국내 지진 유발 산지토사재해 대응을 위한 향후 연구방향

Future Research Direction in Response to Mountainous Sediment-Related Disasters Induced by Earthquakes in South Korea

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초록

이 연구에서는 지진 유발 산지토사재해에 관련한 국내 연구의 방향성을 제시할 목적으로 국내의 지진특성을 규정하고, 이와 유사한 특성이 나타나는 국가를 도출하여 구체적인 연구사례를 파악하였으며, 이를 토대로 국내의 현 실정에 적합한 연구과제를 고찰하였다. 그 결과, 우리나라의 지진은 그 규모가 작고 빈도가 낮지만, 발생 깊이가 얕은 천발성 지진이 판 내부의 단층대에서 주로 발생하여 피해 규모가 가중되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이와 비교적 유사한 지진 특성이 나타나는 국가는 중국이었으며, 계기지진 관측 이래 국내에서 발생한 큰 규모의 지진은 일본과 밀접한 연관이 있는 것으로 추정된다. 또한, 중국에서 발행된 연구논문에서 제시된 연구기술은 방재분야 선진국인 일본의 선행 연구기술과 상당부분 중첩되는 것으로 파악되었다. 이러한 연구결과에 근거하여 지진 유발 산지토사재해의 발생이력이 거의 보고되고 있지 않은 우리나라에서는 지진 중⋅후의 토사이동 및 기작, 지진과 강우가 연속적으로 발생할 경우의 산지토사재해 규모 및 빈도에 관한 종합적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 기존의 산사태위험지도에 단층대 정보를 반영한 피해위험지도의 작성, 지진의 규모 및 강우 정도에 따른 산지토사재해 피해범위를 고려한 위험지도의 고도화 등에 관한 연구가 진행되어야 할 것이다.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to present future research direction in response to mountainous sediment-related disasters induced by earthquakes in Korea, based on the previous studies in the countries with similar seismic characteristics as Korea. Earthquakes in Korea have lower magnitude and frequency, and occur mainly in faults inside tectonic zones. These features are similar to those in China, but recent major earthquakes in Korea may be related to those in Japan. In fact, the research techniques derived from Chinese studies were overlapped with those in Japan. The findings suggest the need of experimental studies on mechanism of sediment transportation during earthquakes and on scale of the disasters according to sequential occurrence of heavy rainfalls and earthquakes. This study also recommends further studies on the establishment of disaster hazard map including seismic fault information and on the improvement of disaster hazard map incorporating the scope of disaster-related damages with respect to earthquake magnitude and rainfall intensity.

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