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원전 사고에 대한 재난 대비 수준 및 위험 인식에 영향을 미치는 요인

Factors Influencing Disaster Preparedness and Risk Perception for Nuclear Accidents

윤동근|기재홍
(사)위기관리이론과실천 (Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis)|2022.11|Crisisonomy|제18권 제11호|pp. 45-59|DOI https://doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2022.18.11.45

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키워드

risk perceptionPLS-SEM위험 인식부분최소제곱 구조방정식재난 대비원전 사고disaster preparednessnuclear accident

초록

원자력발전소에서 방사능이 누출되는 사고가 발생하는 경우, 주변 지역에 거주하는 다수의 주민에대한 주민보호조치가 시행되어야 한다. 이러한 조치가 효과적으로 이행되기 위해서는 지역 주민들이 대응 기관에 의해 권고 받는 행위를 원활하게 수행하는 것이 필요하다. 이 연구는 원전 사고발생 시 지역 주민들의 행동에 영향을 줄 수 있는 다양한 요인 중 두 가지, 대비 수준과 위험 인식에관심을 가지고, 이에 영향을 주는 요인들에 대한 분석을 수행했다. 부산광역시 거주 주민을 대상으로한 설문조사를 토대로 부분최소제곱 구조방정식모형을 활용한 분석 결과 응답자들은 사고 대응 기관에 대한 신뢰가 높을수록, 관련 교육 경험이 있을수록 원전 사고에 대해 높은 대비 수준을 보였다. 또한 대비 수준이 높은 사람은 원전 사고에 대한 위험 인식 수준이 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 분석 결과를 바탕으로 지역 주민들의 원전 사고에 대한 대비 수준을 향상시킬 수 있는 정책적대안을 제시했다.

Abstract

When a nuclear accident occurs, measures to protect people residing around the nuclear power plant from released radioactive substances should be implemented. In order such measures to be effectively executed, residents should successfully perform actions requested by the response organizations. This research focus on disaster preparedness and risk perception for nuclear accidents, known to influence responding actions of people under disaster, and analyzed factors associated with them by questionnaire survey and the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. Results indicate that people having higher level of confidence in the disaster response organization and experienced education regarding nuclear emergency are likely to have higher level of preparedness. And the higher level of preparedness was associated with the lower level of risk perception on the negative impacts of the nuclear accident. Policy implications derived from such results were suggested to enhance the level of preparedness, which could be one of approaches to build foundations to efficiently respond to the nuclear accident.

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