‘탈냉전 민족 스펙터클’ - 2000년 여름 남북 이산가족 상봉 -
Post–Cold War National Spectacle - Reunion of Separated Families in the Summer, 2000 -
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이 글은 2000년 여름 이루어진 역사적 남북 이산가족 상봉과, 이를 둘러싼 한국사회의 담론을 분석한다. '민족적 스펙터클'로서 이 상봉행사는 반공주의로 프레임된 이전의 이산가족 관련 사건들과는 급진적 단절을 보여준다. 민족주의와 반공주의의 접합 단절, 월북자 가족과 그 가족의 민족적 ‘언술 주체(enunciating subjects)’로서의 등장 등을 그 예로 들 수 있겠다. 그러나 보다 자세한 관찰은 가족과 민족의 알레고리를 통한 이산가족과 민족주의의 접합 및 이 과정에서 젠더의 작동 등 지속성도 보여주고 있다. 많은 변화가 있었지만, 이산가족 문제는 여전히 국민국가 건설이라는 근대적 프로젝트에 의해 동원되었음을 알 수 있다. 이렇듯 2000년 여름의 변화는 한국적 정체성의 배경이 되는 다양한 민족 과거의 요소들의 재배치 및 재접합을 통해 이루어졌다. 이러한 과정에 대한 분석을 통하여 이 글은 역사가 “어떻게 완고한 내구성과 갑작스런 단절을 동시에 보여주는지, 그리고 가장 급진적인 역사적 파열조차 놀랄만한 연속성과 엮여있는지” 살펴본다.
Abstract
This article analyzes the 2000 historic family reunion event between the two Koreas and narratives surrounding them. As a 'national spectacle,' the reunion event created a radical break from previous separated family related events that had been framed with anti-communism. Disarticulation between nationalism and anti-communism and the emergence of Wolbukcha and their families as national 'enunciating subjects' were some of these changes. However, a closer examination reveals that these changes were facilitated through invocation of familiar discourses such as the articulation of separated families and nationalism through allegory between family and nation. Gender played a pivotal role in the process. Even though there were many changes, the issues of separated families were still mobilized for a nationalist project of nation building. As such the changes in the summer of 2000 were accomplished through the rearrangement and rearticuatlion of the various elements of the national past. By analyzing this process, this article elaborates how history "displays both stubborn durabilities and sudden breaks, and even the most radical historical ruptures are interlaced with remarkable continuities."
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