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게리 스나이더의 생태적 삶과 ‘장소’

Gary Snyder's ecological life and a place

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초록

This paper aims to examine Gary Snyder's ecological life and the significance of place in the age of environmental crisis. He has been writing nature poems and essays on environment and ecology. In this study the writer thinks that Snyder's main concern is to explore how to dwell ecologically on the place. The paper also discusses the return of place in relation to bioregionalism, which comes along as an alternative way of life in a challenge to the increasingly centralized system of global capitalism based on an authentic sense of localized community and of an authentic relation to nature. He comes to recognize that true dwelling on land is living ecologically with other lives. The transition of his poems from nature poems into ecological poems shows his connection with his time and age.

Abstract

This paper aims to examine Gary Snyder's ecological life and the significance of place in the age of environmental crisis. He has been writing nature poems and essays on environment and ecology. In this study the writer thinks that Snyder's main concern is to explore how to dwell ecologically on the place. The paper also discusses the return of place in relation to bioregionalism, which comes along as an alternative way of life in a challenge to the increasingly centralized system of global capitalism based on an authentic sense of localized community and of an authentic relation to nature. He comes to recognize that true dwelling on land is living ecologically with other lives. The transition of his poems from nature poems into ecological poems shows his connection with his time and age.

참고문헌 (31)

  1. 구자광, "‘생물지역주의’의 위험성과 가능성 — 게리 스나이더의 경우", 동서비교문학저널, (19)통권 : 19, pp.7~32 (2008), 한국동서비교문학학회
  2. 스나이더, 게리, "야성의 삶" (2000), 동쪽나라
  3. 스나이더,게리, "무성" (1999), 한민사
  4. 신문수, "장소, 인간, 생태적 삶", pp.55~57 (2000), 문학과 환경
  5. 양옥석, "북미 인디언 문화와 게리 스나이더의 지역관과 동물관", 영어영문학연구, 36(4), pp.71~91 (2010), 대한영어영문학회
  6. 정정호, "팽팽한 밧줄위에서 느린 춤을" (2000), 동인
  7. 러브록,제임스, "가이아: 살아있는 생명체로서의 지구" (2004), 갈라파고스
  8. Kang, Yong-ki, "The Politics of Deconstruction in Snyder's Ripples on the Surface", Studies in the Humanities, 26, pp.101~ (1999)
  9. Almon,Bert, "The Imagination of Gary Snyder", 박사, pp.1971
  10. Allen, Donald, "The New American Poetry : 1945-60" (1960), Grove P
  11. Astrov, Margot, "American Indian Prose and Poetry" (1962), Caprico Books
  12. Barry,Commoner, "The Closing Circle: Nature, Man, Technology" (1971), Alfred Knopf
  13. Bate,Jonathan, "Romantic Ecology" (1991), Routledge
  14. Bateson,Gregory, "Steps to an Ecology of Mind" (1972), Ballantine Books
  15. Berg, Peter, "Reinhabiting California", The Ecologist, 7(10), pp.12~15 (1977)
  16. Castro, Michael, "Interpreting the Indian: Twentieth-Centuries Poets and American Indian" (1984), U of New Mexico
  17. Dean,Tim, "Gary Snyder and the American Unconscious: Inhabiting the Ground" (1991), St. Martin's Press
  18. Miller,J.Hillis, "Will Comparative Literature Survive the Globalization of the University and the New Regime of Telecommunications", A Paper Presented in The Eighth Quadrennial International Conference on Comparative Literature in the R.O.C (1999)
  19. Murphy,Patrick, "A Place for Wayfaring" (2000), Oregon State UP
  20. Snyder,Gary, "Riprap & Cold Mountain Poems" (1959), Four Seasons Foundations
  21. Snyder,Gary, "Turtle Island" (1974), New Direction
  22. Snyder,Gary, "Myths &Texts" (1978), New Directions
  23. Snyder,Gary, "The Back Country" (1968), New Directions
  24. Snyder, Gary, "The Practice of the Wild: Essays by Gary Snyder" (1990), North Point Press
  25. Snyder, Gary, "A Place in Space: Ethics, Aesthetics, and Watersheds" (1995), Counterpoint
  26. Snyder, Gary, "Mountains and Rivers Without End" (1996), Counterpoint
  27. Snyder,Gary, "Earth House Hold" (1969), New Directions
  28. Steuding, Bob, "Gary Snyder: Dimensions of A Life" (1976), Twayne
  29. Thoreau,Henry David, "The Illustrated Walden" (1973), Princeton University Press
  30. Watts,Alan W, "This Is It And Other Essays on Zen and Spiritual Experience" (1967), Collier Books
  31. White Jr,Lynn, "The Historical Roots Our Ecological Crisis in The Ecocriticism Reader: Landmarks in Literary Ecology" (1996), U of Georgia P

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