소수언어와 언어권리
Linguistic Minorities and Linguistic Rights
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An important claim of this paper is that there are no absolute criteria of language policy and planning, because of the complexities of the issues which involve the sociology of language. In particular, the issues involving the position or status of Jeju dialect have the similar complexities which need to be resolved in the fields of academic and social domains. In general, minority language groups adopt one of several policy options in respect of the status of their languages or dialects. One aspect of language planning is to declare their language or dialect as a national/official language, establishing linguistic rights. Another choice is to maintain their language or dialect by actively using and promoting it in a de facto diglossic situation, in which members of minority languages maintain their languages across generations, thus facing no threat of language loss. In this case, viable speech communities continue to be maintained, keeping the language loss postponed. The third option is to allow their language or dialect to proceed to linguistic continuum, in which members of minority languages lose their language after several generations, ultimately resulting in language loss. In this case, the influence of standard languages of majority groups entail the marginalization (or endangerment) and eventual loss of minority languages or dialects. The three different choices mentioned above can also be applied to the discussion of the position or status of Jeju dialect. Giving examples of language situations relevant to such three cases across the world, this paper provides some sociolinguistic implications to be responsible for dealing with the position of Jeju dialect, addressing some issues of acquisition or literacy planning that fall within linguistic rights or revitalization in general.
Abstract
An important claim of this paper is that there are no absolute criteria of language policy and planning, because of the complexities of the issues which involve the sociology of language. In particular, the issues involving the position or status of Jeju dialect have the similar complexities which need to be resolved in the fields of academic and social domains. In general, minority language groups adopt one of several policy options in respect of the status of their languages or dialects. One aspect of language planning is to declare their language or dialect as a national/official language, establishing linguistic rights. Another choice is to maintain their language or dialect by actively using and promoting it in a de facto diglossic situation, in which members of minority languages maintain their languages across generations, thus facing no threat of language loss. In this case, viable speech communities continue to be maintained, keeping the language loss postponed. The third option is to allow their language or dialect to proceed to linguistic continuum, in which members of minority languages lose their language after several generations, ultimately resulting in language loss. In this case, the influence of standard languages of majority groups entail the marginalization (or endangerment) and eventual loss of minority languages or dialects. The three different choices mentioned above can also be applied to the discussion of the position or status of Jeju dialect. Giving examples of language situations relevant to such three cases across the world, this paper provides some sociolinguistic implications to be responsible for dealing with the position of Jeju dialect, addressing some issues of acquisition or literacy planning that fall within linguistic rights or revitalization in general.
참고문헌 (36)
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