탈근대- 여성신학 담론에서의 하나님 이해: 성장 이후의 신학으로서의 여성신학
A Post-modern Feminist Theological Understanding of God
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여성신학의 관점을 가지고 이제까지의 신학 담론 에서 배제된 귀중한 가치들을 구성해 보는 것은 현재에 한국의 기독교 가 처한 위기의 상황을 극복하는 가능성을 열수 있을 것이다. 구체적으 로‘셋이 하나되는 하나님,’‘가려졌던 성령 하나님,’‘몸이 되신 하나 님’등의 의미를 다시 살펴보는 가운데, 형이상학의 이분법적 가치가 투사된,‘전근대적이고 근대적인’하나님의 모습들을 돌이켜 보게 될 것이다. 특히, 억압되고, 착취된, 여성, 몸, 땅 등이 치유될 수 있도록 하 는, 보다 개방적인 신학적 체계를 발견하게 될 수 있을 것이다. 서구 형 이상학의‘동일성 혹은 획일성(Oneness or Sameness)’의 논리에 의해 억압된 것들을 발견하려는 것이 물론 탈근대주의 신학만의 작업은 아 니지만, 그럼에도 불구하고 전통적 신학에 배어있는 기존의 신학적 입 장에 해체라는 구체적인 방식으로 대응하기에,‘탈근대적’이라 이름 붙 여 그러한 관점에서 전통적 신학을 검토하려 한다. 이러한 탈근대- 여 성신학의 작업은 결국 여성만을 위한 일이 아니며 이제껏 남성- 중심적 인 가치관에 기대어 있던 기독교 신학이 드러낸 전지구적 문제까지도 치유할 수 있는 것으로 기독교의 잃어버린 귀중한 가치들을 회복하게 하는데 기여할 수 있을 것이라 본다.
Abstract
This study seeks to articulate a feminist postmodern understanding of God through a re-reading of materiality, maternity, and its relation to God. In actuality, the dualistic understanding of body and spirit that is embedded in the traditional theology proffers the oppression and exploitation of women and nature, privileging the metaphysics of substance, essence, and truth. Thus, grappling with the (m)other erased and effaced within the traditional theological understandings, this explores fluidity, plurality, and maternity, pertaining to the images of God. The traditional and conventional imges of God lead to the oppression of body and women. Further, a western metaphysical understanding of transcendent Being overshadows the redemption of God within the theological discourses. This article therefore inflects Christian theology with recent postmodern and poststructuralist theories, in order to propose at once the material/maternal representations of God and the open-ended system of theology. In theorizing a feminist theological God-talk, this study rely especially on the form of postmodern and postcolonial theories both to criticize traditional theologies and to create a constructive feminist understanding of God. To my knowledge, the recent theoretical findings have not yet been applied systematically to the problem of patriarchal and imperialistic theologies. Indeed, the western logic of dualism have assumed a divine reality above and beyond all materiality and maternity. The name of God however does not signify a higher being, a Super-being, to redeem the bodily things, but rather a behind-being, a beneath-being, releasing space for the (m)other not from above but within inside. In this regard, this feminist understanding of God resists traditional metaphysics’ tendency to appropriate the endless and ceaseless representations of God as a being with such names as origin, beginning, and telos. To maintain metaphysical concepts would be to mistake the relationship that human beings can have with the divinity. Toward an alternative understanding of God, this study attempts not only to deconstruct traditional theological assumptions but also to develop a postmodern feminist theological perspective. As a constructive and contextual theology, this study will contribute to admitting at once women and nature disregarded and disparaged within the previous theological discourses.
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