포스트모던 인간론 이해를 향한 프롤레고메나
A Prolegomena to the Postmodern understandings of Anthropology
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본 연구에서는 다양한 이론들 가운데에 종교철학적 차원에서 인간론에 접근하고자 한다. 특히 형이상학, 사유철학, 생물철학, 해석학, 철학과 종교 등에서 종교철학과 가까운 것들을 자료로 해서 포스트모던 인간론 이해를 향한 서론적 화두를 논하고자 한다. 포스트모던 시대가 요구하는 간학문적 연구를 필연적인 것으로 받아들이면서 종교철학과 관련된 유기체론, 사회생물학, 해체주의, 창발주의의 이론들을 중심으로인문학적 인간론을 서론적 차원에서 다루는 것이다. 포스트모던 인간이해에 관한 다양한 내용들을 분석하고 비평하며 정리해서 포스트모던시대에 보편적인 적용이 가능한 기반 이론으로서 인간론의 새로운 지평의 초석을 세우기 위한 서론적인 기반 연구이다. 연구 주제의 문제 제기는 모더니티의 인간론은 포스트모던 시대에들어서면서 이론적 타당성이 쇠잔하고 있으며, 경험적 적용성에서도약세로 전환되어 가고 있다. 대응이론으로서 포스트모던 사상들이 나타났지만, 다양하고 복잡한 이론들로 되어 있기 때문에, 학문적 이해와활용에 있어서 어려운 점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구는 이 문제 해결을위해서 이들의 핵심적인 내용들을 기반이론으로서 일차적으로 정리하고 분석하면서, 이들이 가지고 있는 공유적 기반의 실마리를 모색하는작업이다.
Abstract
A Prolegomena to the Postmodern understandings of Anthropology is an introductory survey on the various postmodern interpretations on human being. The aim of this essay is to find out a common ground of the interpretations for a possibility of continual existence of Hebrew-Judaic anthropology in postmodern epoch. First, this essay deals with the anthropologies of modernity:Descartes’ mind-body dualistic anthropology and Heidegger’s existential anthropology as a prelude to the postmodern interpretations of human being. Some types of critique on anthropologies of modernity are attempted, that have affinities with what postmodern thinkers did. For the postmodern understandings of anthropology, it deals with the organic reflections on anthropocosmic theory in Whitehead’s metaphysics, socio-biological interpretation of human being,deconsturctive anthropology, and anthropology in the emergent theory within philosophy of science. Then, this essay deals with Hebrew-Judaic anthropology to search for the continuity and discontinuity among them. What this essay finds is that the common ground of these interpretations is to have a mode of bifurcation or binary feature; such as mental and physical prehensions in Whitehead’s metaphysics,understanding of mind which is different from physical body in emergent theory, meme and body in socio-biology, and interpretive mental activity within the grotesque body in deconstructionism. These have some types of affinity with modern mode of dualistic system, which reflects that podtmodernism has not completely escaped from the dualistic or bifurcation mode. This provides a relatively reliable clue for a continual existence of Hebrew-J u d a i c anthropology, which has a binary mode of soul and body in postmodern epoch.
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