초등학교 학생들의 가정환경과 진로태도성숙과의 관계

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to clarify the relation between the home surroundings and the level of development of career ambitions within elementary school students. With the aim of demonstrating that the home environment of the students must be considered when providing career education at elementary school level. As it is during this time that students first develop their basic career aspirations. Total of 695 survey questionnaires from elementary school students classified according to the general characteristics of elementary school students(grade, sex, residential area, number of family members, academic performance) were analyzed for this study. As for statistical methods, reliability analysis using Cronbach`s α, F-distribution and correlation analysis were performed through the SPSS 12.0 program. The results of this research were as the follows. First, the results were compared according to the general characteristics of elementary school students. The meaningful differences were found to depend on the residential area(big city and farming village). And the level differences of career attitude depending on the grade, sex, academic performance were all seen to be negligible. Second, the results were compared based on the level difference of "advanced planning" according to the general characteristics of elementary school students. These showed the meaningful differences to depend on the residential area and academic performance. There was no level difference seen in "decision ability" according to either the grade, sex, residence area, number of family members, academic performance. The "confidence ability" was shown to meaningfully differentiate depending on the sex/residential area and the "objective ability" was shown to meaningfully differentiate depending on the sex/academic performance. Third, the relationship between the career attitude and family was analyzed with the respect of the families' emotional connectedness and the families' democratic atmosphere. The correlation between the family and career attitude was shown to have a meaningful difference, with a deviation level of .01. It is shown the emotional connectedness of family had a meaningful correlation in "planning" and "objective" ability and that the democratic atmosphere of a family had a meaningful correlation in 'planning', 'decision' and 'confidence' abilities. Fourth, the relationship between the career attitudes and parents' jobs was analyzed with the respect to students' satisfaction and understanding of their parents' jobs. There were meaningful differences in both of the satisfaction and the understanding of their parents' jobs, with the deviation level of .01. That is, the satisfaction level of their parents' jobs and the understanding level of their parents' jobs have significant relations on the 'planning/decision/objective' ability and 'planning/ decision/confidence' respectively. Finally, the relationship between the residential surroundings and career attitudes was shown to have a meaningful correlation with the 'planning, decision and confidence',with the deviation level of .01. In general, there was a significant correlation between the career attitude and the superiority of the residential area, neighborhood environment, parental jobs and career understanding. Unexpectedly, there was no significant correlation between the satisfaction level of students' residential area and their career attitudes. After taking all the results of this research into consideration, it can be understood that the maturity of career attitudes amongst elementary students have a meaningful relationship with the family environment. For example, an individual's general characteristics, family members, parents' jobs, neighborhood. Accordingly, the effectiveness of career education can be enhanced if it can be adapted to take account of the students home surroundings.