종교의 ‘폭력’과 ‘탈종교’의 폭력－오카와 슈메이의 ‘도의(道義) 천황론’－

Abstract

Okawa Syumei entered the Japanese Church where Matsumura Gaiseki had established. Moreover, he actively worked at ‘Dokai’ where Matsmura Gaiseki had organized. Matsumura Gaiseki understood the center of the religion is not in ‘formality’ but in ‘truth’. That is, each religion overcomes denominations, east and west, and ‘Dogi(道義)’, which is the logic of ‘ believing in God and seek for truth’ is commonly present. Moreover, the faith in God is the underlying mind of every human, and he took such relevation as ‘Dogi’. Okawa Syumei believed in the transcendence of religion that Matsumura Gaiseki had insisted. He defined the new religion as the difference of religious faction has no essential meaning, and as a ‘truth based religion’ originated from the relevation of common mind to every human. He connected such new religion to the wave of the time named global ‘religious revolution’, and replaced ‘religion of the west’ to the common ‘universal religion’. That was found from the faith present in daily life of Japaneses from the ancient times or within the folksy religious life of belief. Okawa Syumei confirmed the Japanese primitive ‘importance of faith’ that is believing in God, proposed the logic which the oldest is the newest in the present, and recalled the faith from the ancient times then sublimate into national ideology. If the Christianity of the west is transcending the space then, the faith of Japan is considered as the power of life included in the daily life and it is Amaterasu-oomikami(天照大神), which handed down in Japan for long. That is a jump to the logic that connects Chung(忠) and Hyo(孝). Chung and Hyo are Do(道). He insisted that Chung and Hyo are common in means of Gyeong(敬) which means ‘essence of the own life’, the essential logic of of religion, and this is the way to become one with the nation. In other words, he categorized religion into Chung and Hyo, recalled the faith of the ancient times, and completed the Emperor system of Japan.