톨스토이 소설 『홀스토메르』 창작 과정 연구: 소유와 죽음의 낯설게 하기

Abstract

This paper traces the creation process of Tolstoy’s novel Holstomer (1885). The first draft of this work had already been almost completed in 1863, and is being revised and published again after 20 years. At this very moment, the peak of Tolstoy’s creation and the spiritual crisis lie side by side. What position should Holstomer take part in the author’s art universe? What artistic evolutionary process is included between the two editions? In this paper, we will examine the following issue: the title of the work in 1885, the subject of “ownership”, and the “unfamiliarity” in the artist’s art technique. First, the transformation of the title can be interpreted as an ambiguous or symbolic meaning of Russian language, and the keyword for “ownership” as the subject of this work reminds us of Tolstoy’s continuing interest, and at the same time, such changes can be seen through these two editions. Interestingly, we will trace the process in which the core problem of Tolstoy’s art technique, “unfamiliarity”, changes from an artistic meaning in the 60’s to a social revelation after going through a spiritual crisis in the 80’s. Holstomer is a work that has a critical social significance at the same time, which began with a passion for life, a strong trace of Tolstoy’s worldview in the 60s, and was born after a period of mental crisis. As Tolstoy’s 1885 creation after experiencing a time of crisis, this work contains both the author's autobiographical appearance and prophetic content. Therefore, Holstomer a work of art that is “closely connected with a new conviction, and a new religious worldview,” is a work that is more exquisitely balanced between art and preaching than any of Tolstoy’s other works.