인도 이슬람의 역사 인식 — 무갈 시대 역사 문헌을 중심으로 —
Recognition of History of Islam in India - Focusing on the Historical Documents of the Mughal Period
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이슬람은 일신교의 종교이며 신상을 우상이라 여겨 종교생활에서 배제시켰다. 그들의 시간관은 직선으로 세상의 창조와 종말을 믿는다. 이에 비해 힌두교는 다신교이며 셀 수도 없는 많은 신상을 숭배한다. 힌두교인들은 삶과 죽음을 끊임없이 반복하는 바퀴라 여긴다. 윤회(Samsara)는 그가 해탈을 얻었을 때만이 멈춘다. 7세기 아라비아에서 탄생한 이슬람은 형제애와 평등주의를 바탕으로 계급주의, 불평등주의 사회였던 인도를 지속적으로 약탈하였다. 1206년에는 처음으로 인도에 이슬람 왕조가 건설된다. 이 후 1858년 세포이 항쟁(The Sepoy Mutiny)을 계기로 영국이 인도를 합병하기 까지 약 650년간 무슬림은 인도에서 통치자로 군림한다. 이 기간 힌두 문명과 이슬람 문명의 전 분야에 걸쳐서 깊고 광범위한 상호교류가 이루어졌다. 역사 분야도 예외는 아니었다. 이슬람의 인도 도래 이전에 인도에서 의미하는 역사는 주로 신화와 종교의 성격이 강했다. 그것은 때론 인간의 영역에 속하는 사실적 측면보다도 신의 세계에 속하는 허구와 과장이 많았다. 이들 힌두인들에게 이슬람과의 접촉은 역사기록에 보다 현실적인 면을 갖게끔 만들었다. 본 논문은 이러한 점에 착안하여, 인도에 진출한 이슬람들의 역사관을 그들이 남긴 역사서를 중심으로 살펴보고자 하였다. 그들의 역사서에는 어떤 것들이 있고, 어떤 성격을 가지고 어떤 방식으로 기록을 남겼으며 사건을 바라보는 그들의 관점은 기존 힌두인들의 그것과 어떻게 다른지를 살펴보고자 하였다.
Abstract
Islam was the religion of monotheism, and the statues was regarded as an idol and excluded from religious life. Their view of time are straight and believe in the creation and end of the world. Hinduism, on the other hand, is a polytheistic, worshiping of many images that can not be counted. Hindus regard life and death as constant wheels of repetition. Transmigration(samsara) will be stopped only when he gets liberation(moksha). Islam, born in Arabia in the 7th century, continued to plunder India, which was a class and inequality society based on brotherhood and equality. In 1206, the first Islamic dynasty was built in India. Almost for 650 years the Muslims ruled India. It was lasted till 1858 when the British had merged India as a result of Sepoy Mutiny occurred in 1857. During this period, a deep and extensive exchange was made in all areas of Hindu civilization and Islamic civilization. The field of history was no exception. The meaning of history in India prior to the arrival of Islam was largely mythical and religious. It was often more fiction and exaggeration belonging to the divine world than the realistic aspect belonging to the human realm. The contact with Muslims of these Hindus made them more realistic in their historical records. This paper focuses on the history of Muslims who entered India and their view of history. Regarding that what are there for their historical records, what characters they have, in which way they have written etc. I have tried to figure out with making comparing Hindus’.
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