傳統婚禮에서 交拜禮로서의 俠拜儀式 속에 투영된 理念性에 대한 考察

Abstract

This dissertation is to review the projected ideals onto Ritual of Exchanging Ceremonial Bow (Kyo-bae Rye “交拜禮”) in Traditional Wedding CeremonyIn Korea’s traditional wedding ceremony, the Propriety of Exchanging Ceremonial Bow (Kyo-bae Rye “交拜禮”) is to be performed as in the method of bridegroom and bride’s Hyub-bae (俠拜 – lying in-between ceremonial bows). ‘俠’ (‘Hyup’) is equal to ‘夾’ (‘Hyup’), and this means the insertion of males’ ceremonial bow between female’s first bow (前拜 – “Jeon-bae”) and second bow (後拜 – “Hu-bae”). It’s the book of Jeong Hyun (鄭玄) where the terminology of Hyub-bae (俠拜 – lying in-between ceremonial bows) had been firstly discovered. In the explanation of ‘Bae (拜 ceremonial bow) →Dap-bae (答拜 return) →Wu-bae (又拜 repeat)’ in Rye Gyeong (禮經 - the Book of Etiquette and Ceremonies), he denominated it Hyub-bae (俠拜). Mostly, there is a Bae (拜 ceremonial bow) and Dap-bae (答拜 return) in a salute only for social relations between host and guest. In case of mentioning about Wu-bae (‘又拜’-repeated saluting), there should be a big difference in their high and the low of the subjects of salutation, or this should be a salutation between male and female. In the former case, it is for an expression of ‘the highest reverence to the opponent’, and in the latter case, it can be seen as a sign of ‘moderation of personal relationship’ or ‘break off relationship’ between male and female, which can be easily over indulged. There are no mentions about bridegroom and bride exchanged ceremonial bows in the Book of Sa Hon Rye (士昏禮 - the marriage ceremony for classical scholar), but Sima Guang (司馬光) and Chu Hsi (Chinese: 朱熹) included Hyub-bae (俠拜 – lying in-between ceremonial bows) in their marriage ceremony. According to them, almost all of the scholars of the study of ritual of Korea put emphasis on Hyub-bae (俠拜 – lying in-between ceremonial bows) counting the number of bridegroom and bride exchanged ceremonial bows as 1:2, and used this in setting up the relationship between men and women, which was recognized as in the relations of aristocrat and plebeian. Examining related wedding ceremonies to scholars and low-class people in the nation’s liturgy (國家典禮) closely, there doesn’t exist the process of Propriety of Exchanging Ceremonial Bow (Kyo-bae Rye “交拜禮”) in the wedding ceremony for the classes lower than rank 6 <六品以下婚 – Yukpumihahon> prescribed in Rites of the Kai-yuan Period of the Tang (唐開元禮) in accordance with Sa Hon Rye - 士昏禮 (the marriage ceremony for classical scholar), and also no records of Ranking Officials Wedding Ceremonies <Pumkwanhonui - 品官昏儀> including of low-class people <Seoinhonui - 庶人昏儀> in the book of New Five Rites (Junghwaoryesinui - 政和五禮新儀). With the Collection of Rites of Ming Period (明集禮) compiled at the early part of founding of Ming dynasty, for the first time, bridegroom and bride exchanging ceremonial bows (Kyo-bae Rye “交拜禮”) had made an appearance, and at the part of nuptials of the King’s immediate family, and civil and military officers below rank 1 <宗親文武官一品以下昏禮儀> prescribed in Book on the Five Rites of State (國朝五禮儀) that had made model of Chu Hsi’s Book of Family Ritual (朱子家禮), Kyo-bae Rye (交拜禮) were included. But those are all do not follow the procedures of rite of Hyub-bae (俠拜 – lying in-between ceremonial bows). This was greatly contrastive part with the most scholars of the study of ritual of Joseon Dynasty who asserted Hyub-bae (俠拜) of the bridegroom and bride. It’s indeed a contradiction to put the rite of Hyub-bae (俠拜), which symbolizes break off relationships between man and woman, in the procedure of wedding ceremony where man and woman becoming one flesh.