한국과 베트남의 산속 비교 연구

Abstract

This thesis does research on the comparison between childbearing customs in South Korea and Vietnam. Both South Korea and Vietnam are in Asia and greatly affected by Confucianism for a very long time. Childbearing customs are one of the most important rituals in human life from being born to passing away. In South Korea and Vietnam, childbearing customs are clearly reflecting patriarchy, which appreciates the giving birth to a boy. Therefore, this research can help us understand more about ethnicity, social structure in traditional societies in both countries through childbearing customs. This research firstly learns about ethnic features, ethnicity, social structure... which are reflected in childbearing custom in South Korea and Vietnam. This thesis categorizes and researches in the order from the custom of praying for bearing a boy, before the childbearing, after the childbearing and during child raising process. The custom of praying for bearing a boy is any ritual or actions that can help bear a boy. The custom before the childbearing is any custom that pregnant women have to keep until the childbearing moment. The custom after the childbearing is any custom that the mother and the child have to keep during the childbearing moment and later. The custom during child raising process includes special occasions related to raising a child after his/her birthday. Based on the result of the research about the comparison of childbearing customs in both countries, it can be concluded that the conception included in these can affect not only temporary cultural and spiritual life but also daily cultural life. There are such several similarities as the mindset of giving birth to boys, mystery of religious naming, object symbols for the boy, special occasions... and the roots of differences in many characteristics... Regarding customs of praying for bearing a boy, both countries reflects the similarity in the pure heart with good actions for boybearing, but from a religious perspective, Korean people celebrate and do good things towards the Budda as well as Trikaya, while Vietnamese ones do towards their ancestors. In terms of the custom before the childbearing, two countries share natural and dimensional prohibitions, which means people stay away from bad natural or dimensional places .Moreover, the factor of shamanism model of primitive religion exists in the custom before the childbearing in South Korea, but not in Vietnam. With regards to the custom after the childbearing, there is a distinction in symbols of girls and boys with chilies, coal or cheongsolgaji in South Korea, whilst Vietnam witnesses few sexual distinctions, which are commonly symbolized by pineapples or coal. In the custom during child raising process, there are several special occasions for children in both countries, but with different typical offerings in each. In this research, its result reveals the cultural meaning, including the mindset of giving birth to boys, community awareness in the family, happiness expression of childbearing, general rituals, ethnicity... in the childbearing custom in both South Korea and Vietnam.