6일 전쟁과 팔레스타인 정체성 : 근대적 민족주의 시각을 중심으로
6-Day War and the Palestinian Identity: Focusing on the Modern Nationalism Theory
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본문은 세 장으로 구성된다. 먼저, Ⅱ장에서는 이론적 분석틀로써 정체성 정치에 대해 기술하고, 근대적 민족 정체성 형성에 대한 일반적인 담론을 다루며, 팔레스타인 정체성에 대한 선행연구에 대해 소개한다. Ⅲ장에서는 팔레스타인 정체성의 상위 개념이라고 할 수 있는 아랍 민족 정체성에 대해 고찰하고, 팔레스타인의 개괄적인 역사와 그 안에서 배태된 팔레스타인인이라는 근대적 정체성에 대해 살펴본다. 이 장에서 언급하는팔레스타인 정체성은 현대적 의미 이전에 존재하던 팔레스타인 정체성이다. Ⅳ장에서는 6일 전쟁과 그로 인해 빚어진 현대적 팔레스타인 정체성에 대해 분석한다. 이를 통해, 현대적 의미의 팔레스타인 정체성과 6일전쟁에서 이스라엘의 승리와 뒤따른 이스라엘의 팔레스타인 영토 불법점거의 연관성을 밝혀보고자 한다.
Abstract
With the outbreak of the war between Israel and Hamas on October 7, 2023, the tragic history of the Palestinians and their relationship with Israel has come back into focus. The Palestinians are Arab people from the Palestinian territories which were taken by Israel. The Palestinians hope to establish an independent state that is separate from both Egypt and Jordan, and most importantly from Israel. However, there has never been an independent state of Palestine in history. The term ‘Palestine’ had been used to refer to the specific region around Jerusalem. In fact, the ancient name of the area now called Palestine was Canaan. The current use of the term 'Palestine' originates from the ‘Philistia’ who settled in the Canaan region around 1200 BCE. It is relatively recent that the term 'Palestinian' came to refer to the Arabs living in that area. Those people were rather ‘Arabs’ than ‘Palestinians’ for long time. In other words, the modern Palestinian identity has only been formed over the last few decades. This research reviews the history of Palestine and traces the formation of modern Palestinian identity. The purpose of this study is to examine the events and processes that led to the formation of modern Palestinian identity and analyze its implications in the current Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This study adopts the Modern Nationalism Theory, which presents that the national identities are formed with the efforts of obtaining the rights of self-determination and describes the correlation between the Six-Day War and the modern Palestinian identity. It aims to identify that the modern Palestinian identity was shaped by Israel's victory in the Six-Day War and the subsequent illegal occupation of Palestinian territories by Israel.
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