从认知语法的视角观察“这/那”在语篇中的时间指示
Observe Temporal Deixis of “ZHE/NA" in Discourse from the Perspective of Cognitive Grammar
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From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, the authors used Speech Text as the corpus, first describing the full range of the modern Chinese demonstrative pronouns ZHE / NA distribution in the discourse hierarchy on a Time-Line. i. In the context of Speech, Zhe expressespresentat the same time with the utterance. It is an Absolute Temporal Deixis. It can also express a “past” time scale before the utterance time and “near future” after the utterance time. ii. In the Synchronic Text, ZHE is played by the internal Temporal Order function of discourse; ⅲ. NA not only expresses the “past” before the utterance time (near past, distant past), but it also indicatesfuture“, but it can not express “present”. When NA expressesnon-near past”while like “recollective” of subjective modality was included. The expression of “future” contains prediction, will, subjective modality. Second, this paper uses Langacker (1991) regarding the three time cognitive model for analysis of ZHE / NA distribution on Time-Line on the basis of observation. The ZHE expression of “present” is “immediate reality”; the NA expression of “past” includes “known reality” and “unknown reality”. Its expression of “future” is “non-reality”．Third, the paper uses CRPM analysis of the ZHE expressing “past”time and “near future”. The deeper meaning is to play a reference point function.
Abstract
From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, the authors used Speech Text as the corpus, first describing the full range of the modern Chinese demonstrative pronouns ZHE / NA distribution in the discourse hierarchy on a Time-Line. i. In the context of Speech, Zhe expressespresentat the same time with the utterance. It is an Absolute Temporal Deixis. It can also express a “past” time scale before the utterance time and “near future” after the utterance time. ii. In the Synchronic Text, ZHE is played by the internal Temporal Order function of discourse; ⅲ. NA not only expresses the “past” before the utterance time (near past, distant past), but it also indicatesfuture“, but it can not express “present”. When NA expressesnon-near past”while like “recollective” of subjective modality was included. The expression of “future” contains prediction, will, subjective modality. Second, this paper uses Langacker (1991) regarding the three time cognitive model for analysis of ZHE / NA distribution on Time-Line on the basis of observation. The ZHE expression of “present” is “immediate reality”; the NA expression of “past” includes “known reality” and “unknown reality”. Its expression of “future” is “non-reality”．Third, the paper uses CRPM analysis of the ZHE expressing “past”time and “near future”. The deeper meaning is to play a reference point function.
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