Intertextuality Between Yingying Zhuan and Xixiang Ji
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The ancient Chinese literary texts Yingying Zhuan (鶯鶯傳) and Xixiang Ji (西廂記) have received attention not only in China, but around the world. Nevertheless, these two texts have been studied with a focus on general literary aspects, such as the content, characters, and translation, with no consideration given to their intertextual elements. To more fully comprehend the two similar, but different, love tales—written by two different authors and influenced by different societies and ideologies—a further review of intertextuality is necessary. This paper analyzes the similarities between the main characters, stylistic characteristics, quotations and allusions, among other aspects of internal intertextuality. In terms of external intertextuality, the paper examines the relevance of the pretext and post-text to their portrayals of their respective societies and ideologies. Some relevant theories are employed, such as Hutcheon's theory of parody and Zima's text-sociological framework. Through this analysis, some intertextual patterns of parody, stylistics, quotation and allusion, as well as explorations of feudalism, economics, and ideology, are discovered. The authors offer a broader perspective from which to perceive Yingying Zhuan and Xixiang Ji. Additionally, by combining the Eastern classics and Western theory, this intertextual review may encourage literary, linguistic, and cultural exchange between these two academic worlds and theoretical approaches concerning the text, humanity, and society.
Abstract
The ancient Chinese literary texts Yingying Zhuan (鶯鶯傳) and Xixiang Ji (西廂記) have received attention not only in China, but around the world. Nevertheless, these two texts have been studied with a focus on general literary aspects, such as the content, characters, and translation, with no consideration given to their intertextual elements. To more fully comprehend the two similar, but different, love tales—written by two different authors and influenced by different societies and ideologies—a further review of intertextuality is necessary. This paper analyzes the similarities between the main characters, stylistic characteristics, quotations and allusions, among other aspects of internal intertextuality. In terms of external intertextuality, the paper examines the relevance of the pretext and post-text to their portrayals of their respective societies and ideologies. Some relevant theories are employed, such as Hutcheon's theory of parody and Zima's text-sociological framework. Through this analysis, some intertextual patterns of parody, stylistics, quotation and allusion, as well as explorations of feudalism, economics, and ideology, are discovered. The authors offer a broader perspective from which to perceive Yingying Zhuan and Xixiang Ji. Additionally, by combining the Eastern classics and Western theory, this intertextual review may encourage literary, linguistic, and cultural exchange between these two academic worlds and theoretical approaches concerning the text, humanity, and society.
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