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아프리카중심주의 시각에서 바라본 프랑스와 프랑스어권 아프리카의 관계에 대한 역사적 고찰: 프랑스 마크롱 대통령의 ‘프랑사프리끄(Françafrique)의 종말’ 선언의 배경을 중심으로

A Historical Review of the Relationship Between France and Francophone Africa from an Afrocentric Perspective : Around the Background of President Emmanuel Macron's Declaration of the ‘End of Françafrique’

김광수
외국학연구소 (FOREIGN STUDIES INSTITUTE)|2023.12|외국학연구 (The Journal of Foreign Studies)|제66호|pp. 297-330|DOI 10.15755/jfs.2023..66.297

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프랑스르완다RwandaFranceCôte d'Ivoire프랑스어권 아프리카아프리카중심주의 시각프랑사프리끄프랑스 아프리카 관계코트디브아르FAfrocentric perspectiveFrançafriqueFrancophone AfricaFrance-Africa networks
주제분류기타인문학

초록

During his visit to Gabon in March 2023, President Emmanuel Macron declared ‘End of Françafrique’, a France strategy against Francophone Africa. Françafrique is a term that describes the reality and specificity of the Franco-African networks. The unequal and negative relationship between France and the Francophone Africa lasted a very long period from colonial rule to the present day after independence. These relationships are sometimes referred to as Franco-African 'bloc', 'federal', and 'complex', which means a special and differentiated relationship of two. Francafrique's African strategy has has been an international system using informal networks called patron-client networks in all areas, including politics, economy, military, society and culture. This paper examines how France's strategy toward Africa is historically contextualized in response to the changing domestic and international situation from an Afrocentic perspective. This study is significant in that it can explain France's policy toward Africa and its foreign strategy of Francophone Africa. Historically, France’s Françafrique strategty has continued in various forms. In the Afrocentric perspective, the ‘End of Françafrique’ declaration is an continuance of the neocolonialism that continues to contextualize French’s influence. In the future, it is clear that France's strategy against Francophone Africa will lose its influence due to changes in the situation at domestic and international situation. However, declaration of ‘End of Françafrique’ does not mean that France will not exert its influence over Francophone Africa in the future. If France face security issues in the future, France will again contextualize and use the Françafrique strategy in a different way than in the past.

Abstract

During his visit to Gabon in March 2023, President Emmanuel Macron declared ‘End of Françafrique’, a France strategy against Francophone Africa. Françafrique is a term that describes the reality and specificity of the Franco-African networks. The unequal and negative relationship between France and the Francophone Africa lasted a very long period from colonial rule to the present day after independence. These relationships are sometimes referred to as Franco-African 'bloc', 'federal', and 'complex', which means a special and differentiated relationship of two. Francafrique's African strategy has has been an international system using informal networks called patron-client networks in all areas, including politics, economy, military, society and culture. This paper examines how France's strategy toward Africa is historically contextualized in response to the changing domestic and international situation from an Afrocentic perspective. This study is significant in that it can explain France's policy toward Africa and its foreign strategy of Francophone Africa. Historically, France’s Françafrique strategty has continued in various forms. In the Afrocentric perspective, the ‘End of Françafrique’ declaration is an continuance of the neocolonialism that continues to contextualize French’s influence. In the future, it is clear that France's strategy against Francophone Africa will lose its influence due to changes in the situation at domestic and international situation. However, declaration of ‘End of Françafrique’ does not mean that France will not exert its influence over Francophone Africa in the future. If France face security issues in the future, France will again contextualize and use the Françafrique strategy in a different way than in the past.

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