1930년대 여수지역의 공업화와 그 前後의 변화

Abstract

This article is aim to illuminate the subject of the state of the industrialization in Yeosu and its backgrounds, the changes led by the industrialization, and the leading persons who played an important role. One of the distinctive features of social change in Yeosu from the late 1920s was a urbanization. Urbanization was accompanied with industrialization in this region. The leaders of urbanization were businessmen who push forward industrialization. Industrialization in Yeosu accelerated urbanization. The backgrounds of industrialization in Yeosu were an opening of a railway connecting Yeosu and Gwangju, and direct sea link to Simonoseki in Japan. These opening and link enabled Yeosu to grow from a back district to a port city. Both major industrial companies of Yeosu in 1930s were Honda ginnery and Cheon-il rubber factory. These two companies symbolized an industrialization of Yeosu in 1930s. The reason ginnery was built in Yeosu had relations with cotton farming in this area. This area was one of the cotton producing center, and satisfied conditions of concentration of cotton produced in neighbor area. Industrialization of Yeosu in 1930s led the town of Yeosu to urbanization. An aspect of the urbanization was the concentration and increase in population. From 1925 to 1940, the population of Yeosu county increased two fold or more as a average increase rate of Jeollanamdo Province or total Joseon. The other changes led by the urbanization were installation of infrastructure; opening of new roads, harbor construction, building of a new urban district, etc. The persons who led industrialization and urbanization in Yeosu was enterprisers in this region. These enterprisers are categorized into 4 kinds; Native Korean, settled Korean, resident Japanese, and Japanese lived in other area. The representative of Native Korean was Kim Hanseung(김한승)'s brothers and their sons. Kim Yeongjun(김영준) was a typical person who was a settled Korean. One of resident Japanese was Tsukasa Yoshinobu(政吉信). Takase Seitaro(高瀨政太郞) and Honda Yasutaro(本田安五郞) were Japanese lived in other area. These 4 types persons took an active part in economic organization, Yeosu Chamber of Commerce and Industry as a leading member for their profits, as well as operating their enterprisers each other. They took a part in administrative consultative body, were associated closely with colonial power. It was a kind of the cozy relations between politics and business.