4차 산업 혁명 시대에 필요한 초등 과학교육학 과목에 대한 초등 예비교사의 인식
Elementary Pre-service Teachers' Perception of Elementary Science Education Subject Required in the 4th Industrial Revolution Era
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본 연구는 4차 산업 혁명 시대에 필요한 초등 과학교육학 과목에 대한 초등 예비교사들의 인식을 알아보고자 설문 조사를 시행하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 현행 초등 과학교육학 과목의 학습 내용이 4차 산업 혁명 시대에는 불충분하며 바꿀 필요가 있다고 생각하는 예비교사가 상대적으로 더 많았다. 그 이유로는 현행 학습 내용이 4차 산업 혁명의 특징을 반영하지 못하였다거나 시대변화를 반영한 교육이 필요하다는 의견이 가장 많았다. 둘째, 예비교사들은 STS 교육, 과학 학습에 대한 흥미와 호기심, 과학 실험 및 탐구활동과 관련된 부분을 교육하는 것이 4차 산업 혁명 시대에 적합한 초등 교사를 양성하는 데에 중요하다고 생각하였다. 그러나 과학 학습 이론, 과학과 교수·학습 모형, 과학의 본성, 영재아 지도, 과학과 교육과정은 상대적으로 덜 중요하게 여기고 있었다. 셋째, 4차 산업 혁명 시대에 필요한 초등 과학교육학 과목에 추가할 학습 내용으로는 테크놀로지를 활용한 과학 수업 방법, SSI 교육이 가장 높게 나타났다. 넷째, 4차 산업 혁명 시대에 필요한 초등 과학교육학 과목의 교수·학습 방법은 실험·실습 위주의 교육과 최신 스마트기기를 활용한 수업이 필요하다는 의견이 가장 많았다. 다섯째, 평가는 과정 중심 평가와 수업 설계 및 실연 능력 평가가 이루어져야 한다는 응답과 단순 지식 암기 평가를 지양해야 한다는 응답이 많이 나타났다.
Abstract
This study conducted a survey to understand the perceptions of elementary pre-service teachers about the elementary science education subjects required in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution. The results are as follows: First, there were relatively more pre-service teachers who thought that the contents of the current elementary science education subjects were insufficient and needed to be changed in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution. For this reason, many of the pre-service teachers said that the current learning content did not reflect the characteristics of the 4th Industrial Revolution, or that education reflecting the changes of the times was necessary. Second, pre-service teachers thought that STS education, interest and curiosity about science learning, science experiments and inquiry activities were important in training elementary school teachers suitable for the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution. However, science learning theory, science teaching and learning model, nature of science, guidance for gifted children, and science curriculum were regarded relatively less important. Third, science teaching method using technology and SSI education accounted for the highest proportion among the learning contents to be added to elementary science education subjects for the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution. Fourth, many pre-service teachers said that the elementary science education subjects should be conducted mainly with experiments and practice or need to use the latest smart devices. Fifth, there were opinions that process-based evaluation and assessment of lesson plans and teaching demonstration skills should be performed, and that the evaluation based on simple knowledge memorizing should be avoided.
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