서구(Abendland)의 아토피아적 위치 ― 유럽, 서양, 제국 사이에서 ―
The Location of Abendland as an Atopia — Between Europe, the West and Empire —
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Abendland is a slippery word which is sandwiched between Europe and the West. It is especially difficult to understand the historical connotation of Abendland, because it is a counterfactual legend which takes the Charlemagne Empire as the spatial reference and the foundation of its political ideal. Furthermore, Abendland is not, differently from Europe and the West, in use any more and completely replaced by these two words. For this reason, this paper takes Europe, the West and empire as the entrance and try to have an access to the atopia-like location of Abendland. This paper highlighted two locations of Abendland which jammed in Europe and the West. One location of Abendland we can point to is the vision of Europe as a unity. Europe came in common use in a political sense, after the integrated Christian world of the Middle Age started falling apart since the Reformation and the French Revolution. However, Europe could not completely replace Abendland as long as the latter still could inspire the Christian unity and integration of Europe. The other location of Abendland can be summarized by the slogan of ‘Europe as the third power.’ This slogan itself was a representation of the long-preserved tradition of German cultural criticism, which culminated in Anti-Western critiques after the World War I. Over a dramatic detour, Abendland movement contributed to settling the Degaulist vision of a strong Europe as the main stream of Europen integration movement against the America-friendly federalist vision for the United States of Europe.
Abstract
Abendland is a slippery word which is sandwiched between Europe and the West. It is especially difficult to understand the historical connotation of Abendland, because it is a counterfactual legend which takes the Charlemagne Empire as the spatial reference and the foundation of its political ideal. Furthermore, Abendland is not, differently from Europe and the West, in use any more and completely replaced by these two words. For this reason, this paper takes Europe, the West and empire as the entrance and try to have an access to the atopia-like location of Abendland. This paper highlighted two locations of Abendland which jammed in Europe and the West. One location of Abendland we can point to is the vision of Europe as a unity. Europe came in common use in a political sense, after the integrated Christian world of the Middle Age started falling apart since the Reformation and the French Revolution. However, Europe could not completely replace Abendland as long as the latter still could inspire the Christian unity and integration of Europe. The other location of Abendland can be summarized by the slogan of ‘Europe as the third power.’ This slogan itself was a representation of the long-preserved tradition of German cultural criticism, which culminated in Anti-Western critiques after the World War I. Over a dramatic detour, Abendland movement contributed to settling the Degaulist vision of a strong Europe as the main stream of Europen integration movement against the America-friendly federalist vision for the United States of Europe.
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