1-2세기 로마 교회의 다양성과 분파성
The Diversity and Factions of the Roman Church in the First and Second Centuries
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It is very important to understand the development of the Roman Church, considering its status in the early Christianity. Previous studies of the church have shown a tendency to view the Roman church as a single unified church. This paper examined that the Roman Church consisted of several house churches until the third century, and the factions of house churches were very strong. There were three factors that strengthened the factions of the house churches. First, the Roman churches of the first and second centuries consisted of immigrants from various regions. Since Rome took over the Mediterranean world in the second century BCE waves of immigration had formed strongly throughout the empire. In the Pax Romana, many moved from the East to Rome. During this time, the absolute majority of the Roman population was foreign. Second, the first century Roman church belonged to the synagogues of the Jews. There were dozens of synagogues in Rome in the first century, which were highly divisive. Since the synagogues were run independently, the Roman churches that belonged to the synagogues were also divided. Third, the Roman Church in the first century was a secret association. Christians did not report to Roman authorities that they organized an association. It was difficult for them to gather freely in one place or have a centralized organization. As these three factors prevented the Roman Church from forming a single unity, the Roman Church had not formed a unified body until the middle of the second century.
Abstract
It is very important to understand the development of the Roman Church, considering its status in the early Christianity. Previous studies of the church have shown a tendency to view the Roman church as a single unified church. This paper examined that the Roman Church consisted of several house churches until the third century, and the factions of house churches were very strong. There were three factors that strengthened the factions of the house churches. First, the Roman churches of the first and second centuries consisted of immigrants from various regions. Since Rome took over the Mediterranean world in the second century BCE waves of immigration had formed strongly throughout the empire. In the Pax Romana, many moved from the East to Rome. During this time, the absolute majority of the Roman population was foreign. Second, the first century Roman church belonged to the synagogues of the Jews. There were dozens of synagogues in Rome in the first century, which were highly divisive. Since the synagogues were run independently, the Roman churches that belonged to the synagogues were also divided. Third, the Roman Church in the first century was a secret association. Christians did not report to Roman authorities that they organized an association. It was difficult for them to gather freely in one place or have a centralized organization. As these three factors prevented the Roman Church from forming a single unity, the Roman Church had not formed a unified body until the middle of the second century.
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