인민전선론의 수용과 해석에 대한 재고― 톨리아티의 전쟁론과 원산적색노동조합 ―
Rethinking the Reception and interpretation of Comintern’s Popular Front in Colonial Korea focusing on Wonsan Red Labor Union Movement
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This paper reconsiders the ways in which the Wonsan Red Trade Union Movement critically and creatively adopted the Popular Front theory of the Seventh Comintern Congress of 1935. It traces the documentary transfers by which the new orientation of the international communist movement, conceived in Moscow, reached the colonial Korean socialist movement. Previous studies have analyzed the Popular Front theory of the Seventh Congress by focusing on Georgy Dimitrov's proposal of an anti-fascist political coalition. This study argues for the significance of an anti-war united front that Palmiro Togliatti conceived at the same congress, based on the reality of the threat of Japanese militarism in Manchuria and against the security of the Soviet Union's borders. In particular, it traces the route of the Comintern's Seventh Congress literature into colonial Korea and demonstrates the importance of the literature in localizing the international communist theory. The result of this analysis is that Lee Kang-guk, who led the Wonsan Red Workers' Movement in Gyeongseong, and Lee Ju-ha, who led it in Wonsan, adopted the Comintern's theory of the Popular Front, mainly Togliatti's theory, and this selective adoption is reflected in the selection and translation of the Comintern texts.
Abstract
This paper reconsiders the ways in which the Wonsan Red Trade Union Movement critically and creatively adopted the Popular Front theory of the Seventh Comintern Congress of 1935. It traces the documentary transfers by which the new orientation of the international communist movement, conceived in Moscow, reached the colonial Korean socialist movement. Previous studies have analyzed the Popular Front theory of the Seventh Congress by focusing on Georgy Dimitrov's proposal of an anti-fascist political coalition. This study argues for the significance of an anti-war united front that Palmiro Togliatti conceived at the same congress, based on the reality of the threat of Japanese militarism in Manchuria and against the security of the Soviet Union's borders. In particular, it traces the route of the Comintern's Seventh Congress literature into colonial Korea and demonstrates the importance of the literature in localizing the international communist theory. The result of this analysis is that Lee Kang-guk, who led the Wonsan Red Workers' Movement in Gyeongseong, and Lee Ju-ha, who led it in Wonsan, adopted the Comintern's theory of the Popular Front, mainly Togliatti's theory, and this selective adoption is reflected in the selection and translation of the Comintern texts.
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