경주에 조성된 신라시대의 園池 연구

Abstract

Past studies on garden ponds of ancient Korean gardens have revealed that garden ponds built in areas occupied by Koguryo and Baekje have rectangular shapes. However, it is not easy to identify physical traits of garden ponds of Shilla period other than Wolji since no finding remain. Recently, Guhwangdong garden pond and Yonggangdong garden Pond were discovered in Gyeongju where a capital city of Shilla existed and these discoveries led to an analysis of design details of garden ponds during Shilla period. Therefore, this study aims to further identify details of pond design of Shilla period by doing comparison analysis on elements and design details of Wolji, Guhwangdong garden pond, and Yonggangdong garden Pond. The study found that garden ponds of gardens of Shilla period in Gyeongju, an old capital of Shilla showed curved edges and concluded that they are quite different from rectangular shaped ponds in gardens of Beakje period. There is no clear reason identified as to why garden ponds in Gyeongju, an old capital of Shilla after Shilla successfully united 3 kingdoms, show curved edges and what influence might have been present. Influence from China and Shilla's own methodology of garden design are possibilities that may require further study. Garden ponds with curved edges of Shilla period, however, gradually disappeared as Koryo and Chosun dynasty emerged. In fact, rectangular shaped garden ponds of Baekje re-appears, but no studies were done to confirm why. Garden ponds of Shilla period in Gyeongju were adopted by Japanese gardens and further developed into Chi-sen style. Therefore, curved edges, stone stacking, water injection, and anornamental rock display of Shilla period have similarities with Chi-sen style gardens of Japan. Further studies on how Shilla gardens with ponds are differentiated from Baekje gardens and what similarities/differences can be found with Japanese gardens should be considered.