월성 해자의 조사 성과와 고환경 연구와의 접점

Abstract

Since the Proto Three Kingdoms Period, the moat site has been identified as a settlement along certain points that are easy to live and use while avoiding river flooding and wetlands. In the Three Kingdoms Period, a Pit moat was excavated along the northern side of Wolseong Fortress, which is estimated to be 25 to 45 meters wide, indicating that it had a larger area than other moats at the same time. The construction period is believed to correspond to the mid to late 4th century, following the construction of the base of the wall, in conjunction with the construction of the body wall. The Pit moat was repaired and repaired once before and after the 5th century, to solve structural problems caused by the severe difference in moat width and area in certain sections. As a result, the moat floor was excavated again to maintain a wooden board wall facility of 1.2 to 1.5 meters in height, and the maintenance of the drainage system would have effectively led to the management of drainage and flow under terrain conditions vulnerable to flooding or groundwater elution. After the unification of the Three Kingdoms, the moat was renovated as a landscaping facility, instead of reducing its defense function due to low external threats. The stone moat, which was reborn as a landscaping facility, was designed to allow water to flow through the entrance and exit gates installed at every midpoint, making the northern part of Wolseong Palace feel like a garden complex full of scenery. Gradually, the total area of the stone moat will be greatly reduced after two to four renovations. As the number of stone moats decreased, government buildings were lined up and filled. Not only the Wolseong Palace but also the Silla Wanggyeong area reached the peak of urban development, significantly changing the composition of green areas, including trees, from natural vegetation landscapes, and important buildings were expanded and renovated overall.