신라시대 鰥寡孤獨者等의 구제와 그 특징

Abstract

This study specifically looked into how relief was provided to old widow(er)s, orphans and the aged without children etc. in Silla at the national level. Relief was provided to old widow(er)s, orphans and the aged without children etc. 10 times in early Silla, including 4 cases of relief for people including old widow(er)s, orphans and the aged without children etc. and 6 cases for specific groups only. And as for how they were implemented, there were 6 royal tours, followed by 2 messenger dispatches and 2 by the king himself. In this way, in early Silla, relief cases for old widow(er)s, orphans and the aged without children, and specific groups took place most in general during the king's royal tours. On the other hand, in early Silla, relief supplies etc. were given differently to those subject to relief gradually from the start of the Maripgan period. In contrast that relief was provided differently only during the KirimIsageum period among 5 cases of relief during the Isageum period, 3 such cases were found from the Maripgan period to early Silla. Meanwhile, among 10 relief measures of early Silla, only two involved the occurrence of disaster including the SojiMaripgan period and King Seondeok period. Then, it can be said that during this period, national relief measures were taken for old widow(er)s, orphans and the aged without children, and specific groups regardless of the disaster. The study also looked into the relief cases for old widow(er)s, orphans and the aged without children etc. after mid-Silla, and compared with early Silla, some features were found. First of all, relief measures were often taken in connection with disasters and damage than early Silla. Next, in mid-Silla, more cases of relief were implemented by the king himself or through messenger dispatches rather than during the king's royal tours. The contents and characteristics of relief for old widow(er)s, orphans and the aged without children etc. implemented at the national level of the Silla Dynasty may become the basis for a more detailed understanding of the relief patterns for the people of a wide range of regions or country during the royal ceremonies or in the event of a disaster, which were recorded in 『The Chronicles of Three Kingdoms』 and 『The Heritage of Three Kingdoms』. As reviewed in this study, the national relief cases for old widow(er)s, orphans and the aged without children etc. in Silla, which appear in 『The Chronicles of Three Kingdoms』 were often specific.