황룡사 회랑외곽의 공간구조 검토

Abstract

Since the Three Kingdoms period, many Buddhist temples were built around palaces and government offices, including Hwangyongsa temple, Sacheonwangsa temple, Bunhwangsa temple, Mitansa temple, Mangdeoksa temple, Inwangdong temple, Hwangboksa temple, and Cheongwansa temple in Gyeongju. As such, temples in the Silla era played a significant role in Gyeongju's urban structure during the Silla era. Structures of temples can be divided into two sections: a worship section such as sites of Gangdang (a lecture hall), Geomdang (a golden hall), Top (a pagoda) and Jungmun (a middle gate) and a living section such as residences, a refectory and a storehouse. Thus far, most studies have focused on significant architectures related to the worship section, while research about the living section has left something desired. However, through the Hwangnyongsa temple excavation, it became possible to research the whole structure of temples, such as the worship and living sections. The Hwangnyongsa temple was one of the Silla temples, carried on the worshiping for a long time from 553 to 1238. Structures of inside and outside corridors have been discovered through excavation in the last eight years. This temple site is adequate to see how they had changed along with the process of the urban structure changes as it was located in the center of the capital. This thesis aims to examine how the living section was constructed in the Hwangnyongsa temple and a majority of the Silla temples rather than the worship section. According to the examination result of outside the corridor in the living section, a spatial configuration can be divided into living places, working or ritual spaces, a production place, and an entry space. In particular, the Northern area, the closest to the lecture hall site, seems very closely related to monks' lives. Hence, it is assumed that the living places such as residences for Buddhist masters and a refectory were there. In the Hwangnyongsa temple case, the working and ritual spaces were identified on the Eastside, and individual building sites were compartmented like partitions with separated walls. The production place was generally discovered on the Westside, and it was identified in the form of a small-sized workshop for minor repairs within the temple. The entry space site was the space before entering the temple, and generally, there had a pond with lotus flowers in the entry spaces of temples. Temple does have not only religious meaning but also have social, economic, and cultural implications. It is essential to research the worship section. However, if the study about the living section for running and maintaining the temple will help figure out its whole structure.