산업의 지역적 집중이 사업체의 규모에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Geographic Concentration of Industries on Establishment Scale in Korea
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본 논문은 산업이 집중되어 있는 지역의 사업체 규모가 그렇지 않은 지역의 동종산업에 속하는 사업체의 규모보다 평균적으로 크다는 것을 실증분석을 통해 나타내고 있다. 이러한 산업의 지역적 집중이 사업체규모에 미치는 효과는 특히 제조업에서 두드러지게 나타나고 있다. 산업의 지역적 집중이 제조업의 22개 중분류 산업부문 모두에서 사업체의 규모에 양(+)의 유의한 효과를 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 18개의 대분류 주요 산업부문 중 국가기관이 주로 관리하는 전기, 가스 및 수도사업, 공공행정, 국방 및 사회보장행정, 교육서비스, 그리고 보건 및 사회복지사업의 4개 부문과 중소기업이 주로 경영하는 도소매업, 숙박 및 음식점업, 운수업, 그리고 기타 공공, 수리 및 개인서비스업의 4개 부문을 제외한 10개 주요산업 부문 모두에서 지역적 집중은 그 지역의 동종산업 소속 사업체의 규모에 양(+)의 유의한 효과를 미치는 것으로 밝혀 졌다.
Abstract
This paper empirically proves that the scale of establishments located in the areas where an industry concentrates is larger, on average, than the scales of establishments in the same industry located in the areas where the industry does not concentrate. This positive effect of the geographic concentration of industries on establishment scale is particularly strong for the manufacturing industry. We confirmed that the geographic concentration of industries has a statistically significant positive effect on establishment scale for all of 22 major 2-digit manufacturing industries. As for the total industries including non-manufacturing industries as well as manufacturing industries the geographic concentration of industries has a statistically significant positive effect on establishment scale for 10 major industries out of 18 1-digit major industries. Eight major industries for which the geographic concentration of industries does not have a statistically significant positive effect on establishment scale included four industries which are mainly managed by the government and the other four industries which are mainly operated by small- and medium-sized firms. The former four industries are 1) Electricity, natural gas and water supply; 2) Public administration, national defense, and social security administration; 3) Education services; and 4) Health and social welfare activities, and the latter four industries are 1) Wholesale and retail trades; 2) Lodging and restaurant businesses; 3) Transportation services; and 4) Other public, repair and personal service businesses.
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