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輸出國과 輸入國 通貨의 對美換率 變動性이 輸入에 미치는 영향

The Effects of Exchange Rate Volatility Against the US Dollar of Exporting and Importing Countries on Import

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주제분류경제학

초록

환율변동성이 무역에 미치는 영향에 대해서 지금까지 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔으나 실증분석결과가 시기와 대상국가에 따라서 달라져 일관된 결론을 내리는 것이 힘들었다. Rose(1999)는 분석결과가 모호한 시계열 분석 대신 패널 횡단면 분석을 실시하면 환율변동성이 무역에 미치는 영향을 분명하게 알 수 있다고 주장하였고 실증분석을 통해 이를 확인하였다. 그러나 본 논문에서는 Rose(1999)가 제안한 방법대로 패널분석을 실시할 경우에도 대상기간을 늘리면 무역상대국 간의 환율변동성이 무역에 미치는 영향이 다시 불분명해짐을 확인하였다. 본 논문에서는 결제통화의 역할에 주목하면서 환율변동성을 달러화에 대한 수출국 통화의 대미환율변동성과 수입국 통화의 대미환율 변동성으로 각각 분리하여, 52개국을 대상으로 패널 분석을 실시하였다. 수입국과 수출국 통화의 대미환율 변동성은 지역에 따라 다소 차이는 있었으나 모두 수입에 악영향을 미쳤음을 확인하였다.

Abstract

Even though lots of research has been done on the effects of exchange rate volatility on trade, it was not easy to arrive at a conclusion that is consistent because the empirical test results differ depending on the period and the target country. Rose(1999) asserted that if a panel analysis is used instead of a vague time series analysis, it will be clear to see the effects of exchange rate volatility on trade and it has been supported by an empirical test. However, this paper shows the effects of the exchange rate volatility between the trade partners on trade become unclear again when the period is increased even with the panel analysis Rose(1999) has suggested. For this study, exchange rate volatility has been divided into the exchange rate volatility against the US dollar of an exporting country and that of an importing county and panel analysis was employed over 52 countries, focusing on the role of the currency of settlement. The results show that the exchange rate volatility against the US dollar of both importing and exporting countries brings bad influences on import even though it made minor differences depending on the region.

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