디자인 분야 융합연구의 방법론적 특징
Methodological Characteristics of the Convergence Research of Design
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<연구배경> JIDR(Journal of Integrated Design Research)에 게재된 연구문헌의 연구동향을 분석하여 디자인 분야에서 이루어지는 융합연구의 특성을 파악하고, 방법론적 지향을 분석하여, 융합연구의 방향성 정립에 참조할 수 있는 기초자료의 제공을 연구의 목적으로 한다. <연구방법> 연구의 방법론적 지향은 메타분석으로 JIDR 게재논문들의 융합적 특성을 변별하기 위해 체계적 문헌조사를 시행한다. 연구방법론의 전제가 되는 인식론적, 존재론적, 그리고 방법론적 입장에 대한 개론적 소개를 통해 분석의 틀을 구성한 후, JIDR 게재논문들 중 융합연구를 중심으로 하여 디자인 연구방법론의 유형과 속성 및 연구의 성격을 분석한다. <연구결과> 첫째, 융합연구보다 질적 연구를 중심으로 한 단일방법연구 디자인에 의한 연구가 주로 이루어지는 특징이 있다. 통합방법연구 디자인에 의한 연구는 아직 미분화 상태다. 둘째, 단일방법연구에 의해 진행된 융합연구는 양적 연구와 질적 연구가 대등한 빈도로 수행되고 있다. 양적 연구에 의한 융합연구 경향은 평가/제안형이었으나, 질적 연구방법을 사용하는 융합연구 성격은 평가/제안형이 이론/규범형보다 두 배 이상 많았다. 셋째, 통합방법연구에 의한 융합연구 논문들에서 발견되는 연구 디자인은 기본 통합방법연구 기법인 탐색적 통합연구, 내재적 통합연구, 그리고 설명적 통합연구로 이루어졌다. 넷째, 융합연구의 학제 간 협력은 디자인 학제를 중심으로 이루어지고 있다. 다섯째, 연구방법의 철학적 가정에서는 구성주의나 해방적 연구의 진리의 복수성을 인정하고 상호작용을 권장하고 귀납적 접근을 존중하는 태도가 가장 많이 발견된다. <결론> 연구문제와 연구방법의 정합성을 규정하는 철학적 가정에 기반을 두고 디자인 분야 융합연구의 방법론적 동향을 체계적으로 분석하여 이해를 제공하고 있다는 점에 그 의의가 있다.
Abstract
<Background> This study aims, while analyzing convergence research articles of JIDR(Journal of Integrated Design Research), to provide fundamental understandings regarding convergence research trends and methodological characteristics, and works as a reference for conduction convergence research. <Methods> This study, utilizing a meta-analysis method, was conducted a systematic literature review to distinguish the convergent characteristics of JIDR articles. A research frame was developed to introduce philosophical assumptions working as the base of research methods, while briefly presenting ontological, epistemological, and methodological perspectives. The type, attribution, and characteristics of research methods were analyzed. The convergence articles of JIDR were selected as a unit of analysis. <Result> First, a single method research design, utilizing qualitative research methods, was more dominant research type than convergence research design. A mixed methods research was uncommon yet. Second, both quantitative and qualitative research methods were similarly found to convergence research conducted with a mode of single method research. The purposes of convergence research with a quantitative research design were the evaluation and suggestion of alternative solutions, while the counterpart is more likely to prefer the evaluation and suggestion of alternative solutions to theory and model building. Third, the convergence research articles of JIDR with a mixed methods research design were categorized as exploratory, embedded, explanatory mixed methods. Fourth, the majority of convergence research articles were published by researchers with a design background. Fifth, constructivist and emancipatory perspectives in the philosophical assumptions of research methodology were mostly found. The assumptions recognize the plurality of truths and respects inductive logic. <Conclusion> Philosophical assumptions regulates the compatibility of research methods to research problems. This study systematically analyzes the methodological trends of convergence research in the field of design and provides understandings about relationships between them to convergence researchers.
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