백호 윤휴의 <주례> 이해와 정치관 ― 「독주례(讀周禮)」와 「만필(漫筆)」을 중심으로

Abstract

This paper is to examine <Baekho Yoon Hyu’s understanding on Zhouli and his political view> focusing on Dokjurye (讀周禮) and Manpil (漫筆). As is generally known, Baekho Yoon Hyu is a figure at the center of the 1st and 2nd Ritual Controversy between Seoin and Namin in 17th century and he attempted to recover ritual (禮的) order of Joseon society based on old manners (古禮) while Seoin intended to establish rites based on Zhuxi's Family Rituals. Yoon Hyu made special efforts to reform Joseon society even during the 17th-century Ritual Controversy and to find new ideology and prototype of system for the reform model from Zhouli. Dokjurye was written in this perspective. He understood Zhouli as nine occupations (九職), ten ethics (十倫), six ministers (六卿), three First Lords (三公), three liege men (三孤), fifteen proprieties (十五禮) and thirty six government positions (三十六官) and thought that a system was complete with the core of monarchy presented by Zhouli based on king’s ‘cultivating virtue (修德)’ and ‘cultivating morality (修道).’ In addition, he regarded establishing a state (建邦), giving government positions (設官), distinguishing people (分民), organizing land (經野), systematizing punishment (明刑) and building army (制軍) as the substance of politics of Three Dynasties (三代) on Manpil and he tried to recover politics of Three Dynasties with Yao and Shun through talents selection by recommendation, revival of politics by prime minister and reorganizing government positions rather than Imperial examination based on ideology of Zhouli. In other word, Dokjurye is a book report on Yoon Hyu’s understanding of Zhouli and Manpil is an essay on how to concretely apply Zhouli ideology to real politics.