정보처리 이론에 기반한 유아 안전교육 교재·교구 디자인 가이드 개발에 관한 연구

Abstract

Background : Early childhood is a period when the potential risk of safety accidents is relatively high due to unforeseeable factors, and an effective measure to prevent this is to give toddlers the knowledge and ability to prepare for safety accidents. However, the development of early childhood safety education is relatively delayed compared and the research on the development of safety education educational materials seems insufficient. Therefore, this study aims to combine the case studies on educational materials in infant safety education and information processing theory in order to establish design characteristics that correspond to toddlers' cognition in the process of using the educational materials. Methods : This study identified the basic contents and areas of early childhood safety education through the theoretical considerations and case studies on early childhood safety education and its educational materials, selected the design characteristics corresponding to the information processing stage in the process of using the safety education educational materials by introducing the human learning and information processing principles, and derived the design characteristics of the safety education educational materials corresponding to the infant cognition through Delphi method. Results : Through the study of educational materials for early childhood safety education and the process of using them, this study classified the existing educational materials into five types. From the perspective of information processing, this study divided the process of using educational materials into basic cognition, interaction, and advanced practice stage. This study also derived six elements of the basic cognition stage, nine elements of the interaction stage, and six elements of the advanced practice stage and identified the rank of overall importance through three Delphi surveys. Conclusions : In the process of using safety educational materials, audiovisual elements are the beginning stage of the learning process using the educational materials and the basic cognition stage in perspective on human information processing; they play an important role in receiving accurate stimuli information and concentration in the toddlers' learning process. In the interaction stage, various materials can be utilized to provide the toddlers with direct sensory experiences, to encourage the toddlers to acquire safety knowledge. Moreover, The study identified that the function to determine the accuracy of the use stage and situation of the educational materials in the functional aspects and that active feedback has played an active role in bringing toddlers' psychological sense of achievement and satisfaction in the emotional aspects.