현대일본수필에 나타난 「문말のだ」에 관한 고찰

Abstract

This research concentrates on the characteristics of 4,159 examples of “sentence-ending mood noda” sentences collected from 23 modern Japanese essays, excluding examples containing grammatical forms that affects the meaning classification and of examples which cannot stand alone without using “sentence-ending noda.” As a result, the frequency of the usage is as follows, in the list of “explanation,” “opinion,” “admiration,” “clarification,” and “command.” Although it is not considered general, genuine sentence beginning noda, sentence beginning noda, and sentence ending noda, along with admiration noda, clarification noda, and command noda　can only be classified by understanding both the pre and post sentence of noda. Meanwhile, the meaning of relevant explanation noda, conclusive opinion noda, and admiration noda can be easily classified by considering only sentence including noda.　 It is rather awkward to interpret “clarification” noda sentences as “command,” however, “command” noda sentences can be interpreted as “clarification.” Word ending noda　was found more after the conjunctions ~ga(~が),　~kara(~から), and ~to(~と) and ~node(~ので) and ~kara(~から) were more found in relevant explanation noda and genuine sentence beginning noda.　 For sentence ending noda, after noda came sore(ha,ga,mo)~(それ(は,が,も)~) and sono~(その~). At the end of a word, more sentences ended with words like ~no(n)da(~の(ん)だ), ~kara(da)( ~から(だ)), and ~wake(da)( ~わけ(だ)). The beginning of word ending noda, usually the subject, is 3rd person perspective rather than 1st person perspective. Last names were often used for to express 3rd person perspectives and watashi to express 1st person perspective. In classification by conjunction, 5 conjuction types were found in the following order of ~runoda(~ルのだ), ~danooda(~タのだ), ~inoda(~イのだ), ~tanodatta(~タのだった), and ~runodatta(~ルのだった), and was found in all five meanings which are explanation, opinion, admiration, clarification, and command.