嵇康 시가의 結構 분석을 통한 처세태도 연구 –‘入世’에서 ‘出世’로–

Abstract

This study aimed to clarify Ji Kang’s attitude of living the world, which changed from ‘secular world(入世)’ to ‘be above worldly considerations(出世)’, through the analysis of structure of Ji Kang’s poetry. Even though his ideology is mainly based on Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi’s thought, there is part of Confucian political ideals. As a result of analyzing structure of each poetry, which includes 11 titles and 53 of them, most of them has sequential structure moving from ‘secular world(入世)’ to ‘be above worldly considerations(出世)’. His poetry rarely shows his confucian will to save the world. However, there is poetry named ‘述志詩’ and the twelfth line is ‘雅志不得施’, and it is sufficient to prove his thought of Taoist ‘secular world(入世)’. That is because ‘雅志’ means exactly his will to make the society like ancient society when Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi’s ‘Govern by doing nothing that goes against nature(無爲之治)’ was able. Meanwhile, ‘be above worldly considerations’ is mainly found by ‘noble oneself’ and ‘the world with realistic concern’. Additionally, the change to ‘be above worldly considerations’ can be classified into ‘reclusion’, ‘immortals’ and ‘Taoist’s free and unfettered realm’. ‘Reclusion’ was shown as the pursuit of reclusion, physical action and spiritual expression. ‘immortals’ is aimed for personal independence and psychological nirvana, so imaginary fairy world and their life were described. ‘Taoist’s free and unfettered realm’, which shows his metaphysics, was expressed as building the tao of idleness, moving toward the caution of metaphysics, free and unfettered, and maximizing the concept of ‘Everything is the same(萬物齊同)’.