近代 斥邪運動의 象徵用語에 대한 考察 －衛正斥邪·斥邪衛正을 중심으로－

Abstract

The thought of Wijeong-Cheoksa(“defending orthodoxy and rejecting heterodoxy”), The thought of Kaehwa(“enlightenment”), The thought of Donghak(“Eastern learning”) are the key words that representatives the earlier modern times in Korean history. But just the term “Wijeong-Cheoksa” is used in company with “Cheoksa-Wijeong”(“rejecting heterodoxy and defending orthodoxy”) to indicate the same historical facts different with other key words in reality. They say that the accuracy of notions and the unification of terms are very important in using academic terminologies. Nevertheless the terms are used mixed without obvious reasons. It seems that although we studied on The Movement to “Reject Heterodoxy” for about 40 years, we need more basic study. 22 Yi I-hwa(李離和) was just a man who first insisted that we should use the term Cheoksa-Wijeong, not Wijeong-Cheoksa reasonably with following reasons that (1) The representative literati as well as kings at that time used the term Cheoksa-Wijeong than Wijeong-Cheoksa mainly, (2) We can see that contemporary scholars also used the term Cheoksa-Wijeong than Wijeong-Cheoksa mainly in the field of this study. So Yi insisted that we should use the term Cheoksa-Wijeong, not Wijeong-Cheoksa as long as we don’t input a new meaning into the historical terminology. There were also reputes against the Yi’s opinion like Kwon O-young(權五榮) and Yi Sang-ik(李相益)’s. But their insistences were also limited in subjective point of view, not systematic point of view. So we couldn’t judge which opinion is right or wrong. In this result, we needed some different way to judge the case. The method chosen by me was to directly confirm all historical materials connected with our subject matter. I thought that this method was much more object. I intended to confirm Joseon-Wangjo-Silok(the Annals of Joseon Dynasty) and other materials connected with our subject matter. Through this inspection, I wanted to know which terminology was used more frequently. Secondly, I wanted to know that which notion between “Wijeong”(defending orthodoxy) and “Cheoksa”(rejecting heterodoxy”) was more important through inspecting Hongjae-Jeonseo which had been at the first out of anticipation before examination started. But it had much contents to notify us the real value of the both notions. Thirdly, I aimed to know which term was used more frequently and which logical structure was used by the Confucian literati in the materials of King Gojong’s age. In the re 23 sult, I confirmed that the more symbolic word representing the theory of “Reject Heterodoxy” in the period of earlier modern times in Korean history should be “Wijeong-Cheoksa” than “Cheoksa-Wijeong”. I believe that academic terminology should be selected by the meaningful term including the ethos of the historical age being dealt by scholars because it contains symbols and implicative meanings.