현대중국어 폄의사(貶義詞)의 어휘적 특성 분석

Abstract

This research investigated 3, 527 pejorative terms in 『pejorative terms dictionary』. Among them, this research analyzed lexical characteristic of 930 pejorative terms composed of total 65 prefix or prefix morpheme which generated more than 10 pejorative terms. Among them, the letters which generated pejorative terms the most were ‘不’, ‘失’, ‘恶’, ‘凶’, ‘虚’, ‘败’, ‘残’, ‘•惨’, ‘粗’, ‘淫’, ‘冤’. When arranging the characteristic of part of speech, all of pejorative terms were notional word, with no function word. Particularly, differently from modern Chinese part of speech measurement result, verb and noun appeared at the equal rate, however the rate of adjective appeared two times higher than modern Chinese part of speech measurement rate. When arranging structural characteristic, pejorative terms can be largely classified into 4 types, '(derogatory sense+commendatory sense=pejorative terms’, ‘derogatory sense+derogatory sense=pejorative terms’, ‘derogatory sense+neuter sense=pejorative terms’, ‘neuter sense+derogatory sense=pejorative terms’, among them, most of them were ‘derogatory sense+derogatory sense=pejorative terms’, ‘derogatory sense+neuter sense=pejorative terms’, which were total 60(92.3%). When arranging semantic characteristic, prefix or prefix morpheme played a strong act in deciding whether of derogatory sense in all pejorative terms. Also, it was determined that traditional values which evaluate Chinese traditional culture, the art of living of the Chinese and the way of social relation, human personality, etc. were reflected.