자연, 도시, 국가 : 이와쿠라 사절단의 미국 체험
The Nature, the City, and the State: The Iwakura Embassy’s Experiences in the United States
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In 1871, the Meiji Japan delegated the Iwakura Embassy with the missions of observation of the western society and preparation of preliminary diplomatic negotiation. Accompanying more than 100 personnels, the Embassy crossed the Pacific and visited more than 10 countries in the North America and Europe for 22 months, and returned to Japan. Their official daily report offers information on not only where and who the Iwakura Embassy visited, but also how they understood the western world and what they valued most. Analyzing the daily report of the Embassy, this paper discusses the elements of the American society the Embassy focused on, the differences between their interpretation and the reality, and the meaning of the discrepancy. The Ewakura Embassy considered the bountiful natural resources and American people’s strenuous attitudes accredited with the fast development of the United States. However, it also worried that too much individualism and the lack of authority and social order would cause the crisis. The Embassy’s understanding of America was guided by the dual goals of Japanese modernization and the restoring social authority under the Meiji government.
Abstract
In 1871, the Meiji Japan delegated the Iwakura Embassy with the missions of observation of the western society and preparation of preliminary diplomatic negotiation. Accompanying more than 100 personnels, the Embassy crossed the Pacific and visited more than 10 countries in the North America and Europe for 22 months, and returned to Japan. Their official daily report offers information on not only where and who the Iwakura Embassy visited, but also how they understood the western world and what they valued most. Analyzing the daily report of the Embassy, this paper discusses the elements of the American society the Embassy focused on, the differences between their interpretation and the reality, and the meaning of the discrepancy. The Ewakura Embassy considered the bountiful natural resources and American people’s strenuous attitudes accredited with the fast development of the United States. However, it also worried that too much individualism and the lack of authority and social order would cause the crisis. The Embassy’s understanding of America was guided by the dual goals of Japanese modernization and the restoring social authority under the Meiji government.
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