한국 고도성장기 농촌지역 소득증가 요인: 1970년대 농가소득과 농촌새마을운동 관계를 중심으로

Abstract

This study evaluates the income improvement of Korean rural households in the period of 1970s when the Saemaul Undong was the most active. In the period, although the government’s active policy to increase non-farming income such as Saemaul-factory worker’s income and by-job income in rural area, most part of rural households’ income came from farming income. Based on analysis of income decomposition and income effect of government’s rice purchasing, it is found that the farming income improvement was mainly due to agriculture policy such as government’s direct rice purchasing from farmer at the high price. Also, considerable portion of non-farming income came from subsidy and wage obtained from factories surrounding urban area. To say, non-farming income like farming income mainly came from factors which are not related to Saemaul Undong. On the other hand, income improvement per rural household is explained in considerable portion by increase of immigration from rural to urban. In sum, considerable portion of real income improvement per household in the rural area was due to factors that was not directly related with Saemaul Undong.