호랑이 이야기의 아이러니
Irony of Tiger Stories in Mass Culture
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Abstract
Irony of Tiger Stories in Mass Culture Tiger stories, which begin from ‘The Dangun Mythology’, the founding mythology of Korea, are the most popular of Korea’s mythologies. Tigers in mythologies are neither wild beasts nor fierce animals, but are either stupid and laughable, faithful and justified, or the embodiment of sacred wizards. There are only a few stories that depict tigers as wild beasts.This is the irony in Korean mythologies: that tigers are depicted differently from real tigers. The tiger in The Dangun Mythology loses to a bear, which endures hardships to become a human. However, as history progresses, bear-centered totemism is gradually replaced with tiger-centered totemism and this is related to why there are so many tiger stories in Korean history. In addition, because people feared tigers and hoped to avoid loss or injury caused by tigers, they created such stories to either worship tigers or to make them an object of mockery. According to J. G. Frazer, this is called ‘sympathetic magic’. The greatest number of tiger stories depicts tigers as sacred beings or as buffoons because the public hoped to weaken the power of tigers, the absolute power of nature, by this means. This study understands such approach to depicting tigers as different from their real figures as an ironical phenomenon based on the principles of sympathetic magic. Even in folk paintings, tigers are mostly gentle and humorous rather than scary and fierce. This was yet another way of expressing this in the mass culture. In addition, the painting ‘The Magpie and the Tiger’ and the use of tiger amulets, fangs, or claws to prevent disasters or epidemics came about through the belief in there being magic through direct contact.
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