소비에트 관제 국민주의와 중국 프롤레타리아 아동문학 비교 연구

Abstract

This study aimed to comparatively analyze Soviet state nationalism children’s literature and Chinese proletarian children’s literature of the 1930s to identify the universal characteristics of socialist children’s literature and the distinctive aspects of each country. Soviet children’s literature was promoted as part of a systematic cultural revolution led by the state after the 1917 revolution, assigned goals such as “forming communist worldviews and cultivating collectivist spirit.” In contrast, China began with a voluntary literary movement centered on the League of Left Wing Writers in 1930, showing characteristics closely connected to the realities of Japanese invasion and social contradictions. Both cases shared a Marxist worldview and recognized children as future revolutionary subjects. However, while the Soviet Union pursued values that completely subordinated individuals to the collective, China foregrounded anti imperialist national liberation consciousness and dealt with the relationship between individual and collective in a more complex manner. The Soviet Union presented ideological and symbolic perfect Soviet human types, while China offered individualized and concrete reality-based child images. In creative techniques, the Soviet Union preferred linear structure and declarative style, while China favored complex structure and narrative style. Both cases demonstrated the powerful social influence of children’s literature and presented alternative models to Western-centered children’s literature theories. This suggests that 21st-century children’s literature should find a balance between social responsibility and artistic autonomy, moving toward a more democratic direction that acknowledges diversity.