향가의 향유 양상과 대중 문학적 성격

Abstract

This study accept the ‘national literature’ which raised at the early time of Hyangga studies and change the concept to ‘popular literature’ in order to further deepen the theory. The data on Hyangga are reviewed and the aspects of enjoyment, propagation and transmission are examined. The enjoyment and propagation of Hyangga were made in the methods of oral, record, and singing; the three were used individually or combined to contribute to the widely spread. Hyangga became a representative genre of poetry in the Silla dynasty period, which was widely enjoyed in the court and the public. While the original characteristic of personal lyric was maintained, it was actively created, enjoyed, spread, and transmitted inside or between the Hwarang and the Buddhist monk groups. Through the Hyanggas which remained, the patterns of spread between the court and the public appear, and the group propagation is also seen in Hwarangdo, Buddhist monks, and Buddhist󰠏Hwarangdo. The profound contents of religious thoughts were expressed in Korean which is easy to understand. It was widely enjoyed in various status and classes of Silla dynasty and revealed its characteristic as popular literature. The characteristic of popular literary of Hyangga is significant in terms of forms, poets, and literary history; in terms of forms, the sub󰠏genres of Hyangga were appropriately selected according to poetic circumstances and intentions. From king to commoner, many classes of poets wrote the Hyanggas, and it also had a great influence on the formation of GoryeoGayo in later generations.