국내 중소기업의 연구개발 활동과 기술혁신 현황
R&D Activity and Technology Innovation of SMEs in South Korea
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본 연구에서는 국내 중소기업의 기술 혁신 현황에 대해 알아보고자, 약 20만 개의 기업정보가 있는 중소기업연구원 SIMS 데이터를 바탕으로 2011년부터 2018년의 국내 중소기업의연구개발 활동을 분석하였다. 총 연구개발비용과 특허출원 건수를 살펴본 결과, 연구개발 활동이 2015년까지 지속 증가한 후 2016부터 다소 감소한 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 패턴은 국내외 경제와 재무적 상황 변화에 민감한 중소기업들이 연구개발을 안정적으로 추구하기 어려운 현실이 반영된 결과로 해석할 수 있다. 더불어, 산업별 연구개발 활동에 대해 알아보기위해 2018년 국내 중소기업의 산업별 특허출원 건수를 살펴본 결과, 제조업과 서비스업이 각53%, 44%의 특허를 출원하였다. 4차 산업혁명 흐름에 따라 전통적으로 특허가 중요한 제조업뿐 아니라 다양한 산업 분야에서 연구개발 활동이 이루어지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 마지막으로, 본 논문은 중소기업 기술혁신의 전략적 방향성에 대해 제시한다.
Abstract
This paper investigates the innovation activity and outcome of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in South Korea. Using SIMS data in Korea Small Business Institute, we analyzed research and development expenses and patent activity of 200, 000 SMEs during the period from 2011 to 2018. The results show that the total R&D expenses and the number of patents in SMEs steadily increased up to 2015 and then decreased slightly after 2016. It can be attributed to less systematic, strategic approach of SMEs in their research and development, because SMEs are relatively more vulnerable to the economic status and financial condition. The additional analysis shows that of all patents applied in 2018, manufacturing industry had 53%, while service industry occupied 44%. This result implies that SMEs in service industry are also actively participating in innovation activities, supporting that the 4th industrial revolution is shifting paradigm not just in IT or manufacturing sectors, but in all industries, Lastly, we discuss the strategic implication to help SMEs improve their innovation outcome
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