중국 제조업에서의 산업내무역이 환경에미치는 영향 분석
Effect of Intra-Industry Trade on Environment in Chinese Manufacturing Industry
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본 연구에서는 중국 제조업 26개의 산업별 데이터를 이용해서 중국 제조업 산업내무역과 환경오염 간의 관계를 패널회귀분석방법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 특히, 총요소생산성 및 녹색총요소생산성을 규모수익가변(VRS) 가정을 주어 DEA 방법으로 계산한 후, M과 ML지수의 차이를 이용하여 환경오염지수(EPI, environmental pollution index)를 만들었다. 분석 결과, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 무역과 환경간의 관계를 분석하는데 이용되는 개념인 규모효과와 구성효과는 환경을 악화시키는 방향으로 나타났으며 기술효과는 환경개선의 방향으로 나타난 바 이들은 이론적인 예측 방향과 부합하였다. 둘째, 중국 제조업을 오염산업과 청결산업으로 분류하여 분석한 결과, 청결산업의 경우에는 Roy(2015)에서와 같이 산업내무역지수가 중국의 환경에 대하여 친환경의 역할을 하는 것으로 나타난 반면 오염산업의 경우에는 산업내무역이 환경에 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, OPEN 이나 FDI 등의 변수가 환경에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것도 발견할 수 있었다.
Abstract
This paper investigates the relationship between the intra-industry trade and environmental quality in Chinese manufacturing industry. We use a panel data for 26 industries for recent twelve years in order to carry out the panel data regression. In particular, we construct a Environmental Pollution Index(MPI) by using DEA method. We made MPI by the subtracting ML (Malmquist-Luenberger) index from Malmquist index. From the regression analysis, we found the following results. First, international trade had bad effects on the environment in the view of scale effects and composition effects while the technique effects showed the positive effects. These are what we expected from the theoretical research. Second, similarly to Roy(2015), intra-industry trade made good effects in the clean industry while bad effects in the pollution intensive industry. Third, trade openness and FDI were shown to have been positively affecting the Chinese environment.
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