자치경찰제도의 도입에 관한 연구

Abstract

The powerful police authority over very wide field can be divided into two parts, administerial police and judicial police. Administerial police as the essential duty acts administratively preventing crime and maintaining public order etc., for public safety. However, judicial police is a part of criminal justice system for the purposes of criminal investigation, suspect’s arrest. The character of Jeju autonomous police is a performance of the duties as administerial police and special judicial police. There is a huge overlap between Jeju autonomous police’s duty to tourism, environment and forest etc. and their duty as special judicial police. Moreover, politician has absolute control over the Jeju autonomous police’s human resources. Thus, a valid management and control over a new police executive will not be possible if a new politician appoints new police executive instead of the existing police executive. In order to prevent this problem and guarantee the impartiality of police, it could be a solution to create a specialized judicial police system retaining the existing autonomous police that handles the duty as administrative police. To diffuse the enormous power of police as strong as the power of public prosecution and prevent the intervention in crime investigation included in judicial power, it needs to separate judicial police from the current police organization. Therefore, the adjustment of investigation authority and the introduction of autonomous police system lead restructure of the national police system. As a result, in Jeju special self-governing province, a reshuffle of the autonomous police is urgently needed by creating the National Bureau of Investigation. Thereby it is possible to share duties between national police and local police, secure police officers with his specialization in investigation and separate powers, further more decentralization of the police could be brought to Jeju and the quality of the national and their citizen’s security would be improved.