최명길과 박세당의 중용관과 실리적 현실대응 -주화론(主和論)을 중심으로-

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine how Choi Myeong-gil and Park Se-dang's view of moderation had an effect on the advocacy of peace, which is a concrete real situation. We examined their views of moderation through the review of the Jungyongkwangyeon (中庸 管見) and the Jungyongsabyeonrok (中庸思辨錄), and how they influenced the advocacy of peace. Choi Myung-gil's view of moderation through Jungyongkwangyeon is as follows. First, the inner discipline was emphasized as it was necessary to cultivate the mind that is prone to evil through the Book of Odes, Classic of History, Etiquette, Music philosophy. Second, practice was emphasized, saying that practicing virtue in everyday life, such as filial piety and brotherly love together with loyality and sincerity, is important. Third, he spoke of Timely Mean (時中) as a way of practicing virtue appropriate to the situation. Fourth, it was said that if we practice the Tao through Sincerity(誠), we can reach the way of heaven, emphasizing the process of practicing it and the need to practice it to the end. The view of Park Se-dang's moderation in the Jungyongsabyeonrok is as follows. First, the subjective judgment of the mind was emphasized, saying that it is possible to distinguish the properness of things because of the mind that has received the law of nature. Second, he said that Timely Mean (時中) is important and that it should be selected and practiced according to the situation. Third, he emphasized the need to practice the easy things first, saying that if you practice from the low and humble to the high, you can match the incarnation of heaven and earth. Fourth, he said that gaining moderation is important, but maintaining (庸) is more important. A common point is found between Choi Myeong-gil and Park Se-dang's view of moderation, and this has to do with their insistence on friendly relations (和親). They emphasized the subjective mind and inner discipline, which is a mind that can actively respond to changes in circumstances while responding to situations in countless changing environments. In addition, he emphasized the importance of Timely Mean according to the situation in deciding and executing the work. They considered the situation of Joseon at that time from the viewpoint of nation and the people, and judged that the friendly relation was the Timely Mean. The Timely Mean is important in a constantly changing environment. The country must promptly identify what is best in a changing environment, establish a new criterion for judgment, and make the most appropriate judgment. Choi Myeong-gil preserved the country by showing his independence in the crisis of the country, and Park Se-dang actively supported Choi's pacifism. In addition, in their view of the moderation, practice is emphasized, and practice is emphasized to the end. They judged that the paficism was right in the circumstances of the time, and they did not give up their arguments in any difficulties according to that decision.