포도씨 tocotrienol 추출에 미치는 추출조건의 영향
Effects of extraction conditions on the tocotrienol content of grape seed extract
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포도가공 시 발생되는 농산폐자원인 포도씨로 부터 유용성분인 tocotrienol을 효과적으로 추출하기위하여 추출용매와 온도 그리고 시간을 변수로 추출조건에 따른 추출특성을 살펴보았다. 추출조건별 추출수율은 ethanol 처리구에서 12.36%로 가장 높았고, 온도별 추출수율은 40℃에서 11.30%로 가장 높았으며 그 이후로는 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 시간별 추출수율은 3시간에서 11.43%로 가장 높았고 이후에는 감소하였다. Vitamin E의 추출은 hexane, 40℃에서 3시간 추출할 경우 7.87 mg/100 g로 가장 높게 나타났다. 추출조건에 따른 tocotrienol 함량은 용매별로 6.12～7.56 mg/100 g 범위였으며 hexane용매가 가장 높았고, 온도별로는 6.10～7.56 mg/100 g으로 40℃가 가장 높았으며, 추출시간별로는 5.02～7.56 mg/100 g으로 3시간 추출이 가장 높아 hexane, 40℃ 그리고 3시간추출에서 7.56 mg/100 g으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 미량의 β-, δ-tocotrienol이 존재하지만 hexane을 이용한 용매로는 추출되지 않거나 매우 낮은 함량을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 tocotrienol rich fraction을 제조하기 위한 용매추출은 hexane으로 40℃에서 3시간 추출하는 것이 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
Affects of extraction conditions on the tocotrienol content of grape seed extract were investigated. Tocotrienol from grape seed was extracted by various extraction solvents (methanol, ethanol, acetone, and hexane), various extraction temperatures (30, 40, 50, and 60℃), and various extraction times (1, 2, 3, and 4 hr). Maximum extraction yield with extraction conditions was 12.36% at ethanol, 11.30% at 40℃, and 11.43% at 3 hr. The highest content of vitamin E with various extraction conditions was 7.87 mg/100 g in hexane for 3 hr at 40℃. Tocotrienol content of solvent extract was ranged from 6.12 mg/100g in acetone to 7.56 mg/100 g in hexane. α- and γ-tocotrienol content in hexane extract was 2.39 and 5.17 mg/100 g, respectively. Tocotrienol content with extraction temperature was ranged from 6.10 mg/100 g at 30℃ to 7.56 mg/100 g at 40℃, and extraction time was the best at 3 hr. Overall the highest extraction yield of tocotrienol was 7.56 mg/100 g in hexane, 40℃ and 3 hr.
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