주요 조사료원과 쑥, 녹차의 반추위 건물 및 조단백질 소화율에 대한 분석
Analysis of Ruminal Dry Matter and Crude Protein Digestibility on Major Roughage, Wormwood and Green Tea
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본 연구는 국내 주요 조사료(rice straw, timothy and alfalfa) 및 쑥과 녹차의 반추위 소화율과 물리적 구조를 비교하기 위해 in vitro 와 in situ 실험을 실시하였다. 각 사료별 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36,48 및 72 시간 동안 배양하였고, in vitro 실험에서는 가스 발생량, 미생물 성장량, pH를 측정하였다. 가스발생량은 배양시간이 경과할 수록 모든 시간대에서 증가하였고(p<0.05), 녹차에서의 가스발생량이가장 낮았다. 미생물 성장량은 배양시간이 경과할수록 모든 처리구에서 증가하는 경향이었으나, 유의차는 나타나지 않았고(p<0.05), 쑥과 녹차의 미생물 성장량이 다른 처리구에 비해 낮게 나타났다(p<0.05). 반추위내 pH는 배양시간 경과할 수록 감소하였고, 티모시의 pH가 다른 사료에 비해 가장 낮았으며, 볏짚의 pH가 다른 사료에 비해 높았다(p<0.05). In situ 실험에서 모든 시간대 녹차의 건물소화율(DM; Dry Matter) 및 조단백 소화율(CP; Crude Protein)은 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 또한 반추위내통과 속도 4% 쑥에서 건물소화율이 가장 높았고, 알팔파는 조단백 소화율이 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 녹차와 쑥의 표면과 기공을 주사전자현미경(SEM; scanning electron microscope)으로 관찰한 결과, 쑥 표면에는 미생물이 존재하지 않아 반추위 내 영양소 소화율이 낮은 것으로 사료되고, 녹차는 기공에 미생물이 관찰 되었다. In vitro 및 in situ 실험의 결과를 통하여 반추동물의 사료원료로 잠재적인 가치가있을 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The comparative in vitro and in situ analysis were conducted to evaluate the rumendegradability and physical structure of domestic roughage as rice straw, timothy, alfalfa,wormwood and green tea. The feedstuffs incubated with rumen fluid and was used to determinegas production, microbial growth rate and pH changes in an in vitro experiment. The gasproduction was increased during incubation times and was significantly(p<0.05) lower in greentea than other feedstuffs. The microbial growth rate in the feedstuffs was increased during incubation times. However, microbial growth rate was significantly(p<0.05) lower in wormwoodand green tea than other feedstuffs. Ruminal pH was decreased during incubation times, andtimothy was the lowest, and rice straw was the highest among feedstuffs. The disappearancerate of dry matter(DM) and crude protein(CP) in all feedstuffs were increased during incubationtimes and green tea was the highest(p<0.05) compared with other feedstuffs. In effectivedegradability, when rumen out-flow rate was assigned to 4%, wormwood showed the highest inDM, and alfalfa was the highest in CP. Whereas, green tea was the highest in both in situ DMand CP degradability. Many cilia on the surface and stoma of wormwood and stoma in greentea were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Microbes breaked down the cilia at thebeginning and then degraded the surface in wormwood. In case of green tea, microbes attachedto stoma. Therefore, wormwood and green tea have a potential value as ruminal feed stuffs.
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