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탄닌 함유 식물 추출물이 반추위 내 발효와 미생물 성장 및 메탄 발생에 미치는 영향

Effects of Tannin-Riching Plant Extracts on Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Growth and Methane Emission

임정화|이신자|이성실|김현상|엄준식|이수경|이일동|오다솜
농업생명과학연구원 (Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)|2015|농업생명과학연구 (Journal of Agriculture & Life Science)|제49권 제5호|pp. 195-210|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14397/jals.2015.49.5.195

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키워드

식물 추출물Plant extracts탄닌TanninRumen fermentation반추위 발효반추위 메탄 발생Real-Time PCRRumen methane emission

초록

본 연구는 탄닌 함유 식물 추출물을 이용하여 in vitro 반추위 발효성상, 미생물 성장 및 메탄생성에미치는 영향을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 반추위액은 농후사료와 조사료(timothy)를 40:60의 비율로 급여한 반추위 cannula가 시술된 한우 암소에서 채취하였다. 본 실험에 사용한 식물 추출물은 상수리나무(Quercus acutissima), 밤나무(Castanea crenata), 참가시나무(Quercus salicina), 졸참나무(Quercus serrata) 그리고 떡갈나무(Quercus dentata)를 사용하였으며, 식물 추출물은 한국식물추출물은행에서 분양받아 사용하였다. 반추위액과 McDougall buffer를 1:2의 비율로 혼합한 배양액을 0.3gtimothy와 식물 추출물(기질의 5%)이 담긴 50mL serum bottle에 혐기상태로 15mL를 분주하였다. Serum bottle은 39℃, 120rpm으로 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48 및 72시간 동안 배양하였다. 본 실험 결과 배양 시간이 지날수록 pH는 점점 감소하였으며, 정상범위에 포함되었다. 건물소화율은 대조구에 비해 첨가구에서 유의적(p<0.05)으로 낮았다. 암모니아, 총 가스 생산량 및 이산화탄소 발생량은 대조구에 비해 첨가구에서 유의적(p<0.05)으로 차이가 없었으나, 24시간 메탄 발생량은 대조구에 비해 전 첨가구에서 유의적(p<0.05)으로 낮았다. 미생물 성장량은 첨가구에 따라 각각 다른 양상을 나타내었고, aceticacid 및 propionic acid는 대조구에 비해 첨가구에서 유의적(p<0.05)으로 낮았다. Real-Time PCR에서섬유소 박테리아(R. albus, R. flavefaciens) 및 메탄 생성균(Ciliate associated methanogen)은 대조군에 비해 유의적(p<0.05)으로 감소하였다. 결과적으로 본 실험에 사용한 탄닌 함유 식물 추출물 5종모두 반추위 발효에 영향을 미치지 않으며, 메탄저감 효과를 나타내었다. 특히 상수리나무에서 반추위발효성상에 악영향을 미치지 않으며 메탄 발생을 저감하는 식물 추출물로 적합하다고 생각된다.

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate effects of tannin-rich plant extracts on in vitro rumenfermentation characteristics, microbial growth and methane emission. The rumen fluid wascollected from a cannulated Hanwoo cow fed a 40:60 concentrate:timothy diet. Five plantextracts, selected for their high tannin content, Sawtooth(Quercus acutissima), Chestnut(Castaneacrenata), Myrsinaleaf(Quercus salicina), Konara(Quercus serrata) and Daimyo(Quercus dentata)were used in experiment. Plant extracts were obtained from Plant Extract Bank(PEB) at Korea research institute of bioscience and biotechnology. The 15mL of mixture, McDougall’s bufferand rumen fluid in the ratio 2 to 1, was dispensed anaerobically into 50mL serum bottles. Theplant extracts were added at the level of 5% against 300mg of timothy as a substrate(v/w). Theserum bottles were incubated at 39℃, 120rpm for 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48 and 72h with triplicate. The pH value was decreased with the increasing incubation times, and all values were in thenormal range for ruminal fermentation. The dry matter digestibility significantly(p<0.05) lowerin treatment than in control. Ammonia-NH3, total gas and carbon dioxide emissions were notdifferent significantly(p<0.05) in treatment and control. The methane emissions at 24 hincubation times was significantly(p<0.05) lower in treatments than in control. The rumenmicrobial growth rate was showed a different pattern depending on treatments, Theconcentrations of acetic acid and propionic acid was significantly(p<0.05) lower in treatmentthan in control. Real-Time PCR at 24h incubation times significantly(p<0.05) decreased R. albus,R. flavefaciens and Ciliate associated methanogen in treatment than in control. In conclusion,during ruminal fermentation, the tannin-rich plant extracts were shown to decreased methaneemission and without adversely affecting ruminal fermentation. The tannin-rich plant extractsfrom Sawtooth(Quercus acutissima) was shown to decreased methanogenesis and this is potentialcandidates to reduce methane emission for ruminants.

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